Banderet Louis E, Russo Michael B
US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2005 Jul;76(7 Suppl):C21-3.
Many of the technological advances in the information sciences that make the network-centric battlefield possible will also foster methodologies that enable the study of the warfighter in this environment. Specifically, the tactical events and computer networks in a battle laboratory can be designed with capabilities to facilitate capture and analysis of embedded operational performance metrics. This paper refers to the Air Maneuver Battle Laboratory environment, its command and control components, its synthetic battle environment, and its basic communications structure as an example. This paper also introduces two papers. In the first paper, O'Donnell, Moise, and Schmidt describe their generalized methodology to evaluate personnel during performance of operational tasks. They discuss a cognitive taxonomy, test generator, and synthetic cognitive and motor tests with applicability to military or civilian tasks. Personnel are evaluated with these synthetic tests for those very cognitive skills and capabilities most required to successfully perform the actual operational task of interest. Perhaps the illustrative and innovative measurement methodologies described will encourage others to consider how new approaches can be used to leverage the study of cognitive performance of the future warfighter in a network-centric environment. The second paper by Whitmore discusses how communications and embedded operational performance metrics may be acquired in teams. Whitmore highlights some critical aspects leading to the successful measurement of team performance in realistic console operations; discusses the idea of process and outcome measures; presents two types of team data collection systems; and provides an example of team performance assessment.
信息科学领域的许多技术进步使以网络为中心的战场成为可能，这些进步也将催生出一些方法，用以研究在这种环境下的作战人员。具体而言，作战实验室中的战术事件和计算机网络可以设计成具备便于获取和分析嵌入式作战性能指标的能力。本文以空中机动作战实验室环境、其指挥与控制组件、合成作战环境及其基本通信结构为例进行阐述。本文还介绍了两篇论文。在第一篇论文中，奥唐纳、莫伊斯和施密特描述了他们在人员执行作战任务期间进行评估的通用方法。他们讨论了一种认知分类法、测试生成器以及适用于军事或民事任务的合成认知和运动测试。通过这些合成测试对人员进行评估，以考察那些成功执行感兴趣的实际作战任务最需要的认知技能和能力。或许文中所描述的具有启发性和创新性的测量方法会促使其他人思考如何利用新方法来研究未来作战人员在以网络为中心的环境中的认知表现。惠特莫尔的第二篇论文讨论了如何在团队中获取通信和嵌入式作战性能指标。惠特莫尔强调了在实际控制台操作中成功测量团队绩效的一些关键方面；讨论了过程和结果测量的概念；介绍了两种团队数据收集系统；并提供了一个团队绩效评估的示例。
