Bolarín Alfonso, Roca Jordi, Rodríguez-Martínez Heriberto, Hernández Marta, Vázquez Juan M, Martínez Emilio A
Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
Theriogenology. 2006 Feb;65(3):669-80. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.06.006. Epub 2005 Jul 12.
Deep intrauterine insemination (DUI) offers a suitable alternative for the commercial use of frozen-thawed boar semen. The present study evaluated how the ovarian status at DUIs of frozen-thawed spermatozoa (1 x 10(9) spz/dose, two DUIs, 30-31 and 36-37 h after detection of oestrus) in 179 sows would explain differences in fertility between two farms with similar, but not equal, reproductive management (experiment 1). A further experiment investigated whether an increase in sperm number per AI-dose (1 versus 2 x 10(9) spz/dose, two DUIs, 30-31 and 36-37 h after detection of oestrus, on 228 sows) could minimize this effect (experiment 2). Ovaries were checked by transrectal ultrasonography at the time of DUI and sows were classified into three categories: F-: ovarian pre-ovulatory follicles were visible during two examinations; O-: ovulation visible during one examination; and C-sows: corpora hemorragica visible during the two examinations. Overall farrowing rates differed (P < 0.01) between farms (70.1 versus 51.2%, farms A and B, respectively). Distribution of sows among ultrasonography categories also differed (P < 0.05) between farms (17.5, 72.2 and 10.3% were classified as F-, O- and C-sows in farm A, versus 40.2, 29.3 and 30.5% in farm B). Nevertheless, farrowing rates and litter sizes within categories did not vary between farms (P > 0.05). In addition, a two-fold increase in the number of spermatozoa per DUI improved (P < 0.05) fertility in F- and C-sows, but not in O-sows. In conclusion, the interval DUI-to-ovulation provides a major explanation for fertility differences between farms when frozen-thawed spermatozoa are used.
深部子宫内输精（DUI）为冻融公猪精液的商业应用提供了一种合适的替代方法。本研究评估了179头母猪在进行冻融精子的DUI时（1×10⁹个精子/剂量，两次DUI，发情检测后30 - 31小时和36 - 37小时）的卵巢状态如何解释两个繁殖管理相似但不完全相同的农场之间的繁殖力差异（实验1）。另一项实验研究了每次人工授精剂量的精子数量增加（1×10⁹个精子/剂量与2×10⁹个精子/剂量对比，两次DUI，发情检测后30 - 31小时和36 - 37小时，共228头母猪）是否可以将这种影响最小化（实验2）。在进行DUI时通过经直肠超声检查卵巢，母猪被分为三类：F - ：在两次检查中可见卵巢排卵前卵泡；O - ：在一次检查中可见排卵；C - 母猪：在两次检查中可见出血性黄体。各农场之间的总体产仔率存在差异（P < 0.01）（农场A和B分别为70.1%和51.2%）。农场之间超声检查类别中母猪的分布也存在差异（P < 0.05）（农场A中17.5%、72.2%和10.3%的母猪分别被分类为F - 、O - 和C - 母猪，而农场B中分别为40.2%、29.3%和30.5%）。然而，各农场类别内的产仔率和窝仔数没有差异（P > 0.05）。此外，每次DUI精子数量增加两倍可提高（P < 0.05）F - 和C - 母猪的繁殖力，但对O - 母猪无效。总之，当使用冻融精子时，DUI至排卵的间隔为农场之间的繁殖力差异提供了主要解释。
