Leblanc J-C, Tard A, Volatier J-L, Verger P
Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Mét@risk, Unité de méthodologie d'analyse du risque alimentaire, INA-PG, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France.
Food Addit Contam. 2005 Jul;22(7):652-72. doi: 10.1080/02652030500159938.
This study reports estimates on dietary exposure from the first French Total Diet Study (FTDS) and compares these estimates with both existing tolerable daily intakes for these toxins and the intakes calculated during previous French studies. To estimate the dietary exposure of the French population to the principal mycotoxins in the French diet (as consumed), 456 composite samples were prepared from 2280 individual samples and analysed for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes, zearalenone, fumonisins and patulin. Average and high percentile intakes were calculated taking account of different eating patterns for adults, children and vegetarians. The results showed that contaminant levels observed in the foods examined 'as consumed' complied fully with current European legislation. However, particular attention needs to be paid to the exposure of specific population groups, such as children and vegans/macrobiotics, who could be exposed to certain mycotoxins in quantities that exceed the tolerable or weekly daily intake levels. This observation is particularly relevant with respect to ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. For these mycotoxins, cereals and cereal products were the main contributors to high exposure.
本研究报告了法国首次总膳食研究（FTDS）中膳食暴露的估计值，并将这些估计值与这些毒素现有的每日可耐受摄入量以及法国以往研究中计算出的摄入量进行了比较。为了估计法国人群对法国饮食中主要霉菌毒素的膳食暴露量（按实际食用情况），从2280个个体样本中制备了456个混合样本，并对黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素A、单端孢霉烯族毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素和展青霉素进行了分析。考虑到成年人、儿童和素食者的不同饮食模式，计算了平均摄入量和高百分位数摄入量。结果表明，所检测食品“按实际食用情况”的污染物水平完全符合现行欧洲法规。然而，需要特别关注特定人群组的暴露情况，如儿童和纯素食者/长寿饮食者，他们可能接触到某些霉菌毒素的量超过了可耐受或每周每日摄入量水平。这一观察结果在赭曲霉毒素A、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮方面尤为相关。对于这些霉菌毒素，谷物和谷物制品是高暴露的主要来源。
