London Mervyn
Cambridge Drug and Alcohol Service, Brookfield Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Addict. 2005 Mar-Apr;14(2):97-105. doi: 10.1080/10550490590924719.
The level of substance misuse in Britain has fluctuated over recent centuries, reaching its nadir in the early twentieth century. Since then, the trends for alcohol and drug abuse (though not for tobacco consumption) have risen steadily. British physicians have played a major role in the emergence of the addiction concept, from the initial challenge to Galen's theories to the now widely adopted Alcohol Dependence Syndrome. While treatment has been influenced by contemporary attitudes, it has been generally underpinned by pragmatism and has avoided the punitive responses seen in other parts of the world.
在最近几个世纪里，英国物质滥用的程度有所波动，在20世纪初达到最低点。从那时起，酗酒和药物滥用（尽管不包括烟草消费）的趋势一直在稳步上升。从最初对盖伦理论的挑战到如今广泛采用的酒精依赖综合征，英国医生在成瘾概念的形成过程中发挥了重要作用。虽然治疗受到当代观念的影响，但总体上以实用主义为基础，避免了世界其他地区所见的惩罚性反应。
