Burney M A
Geriatric Psychiatric Unit, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Harris County Psychiatric Center.
J Adv Nurs. 1992 May;17(5):601-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02838.x.
There is a wellspring of support within the nursing profession for the development of a true nursing paradigm, based on a unified theory to support practice, to advance the professional status of nursing in a changing health care environment. In this, the preparadigm stage of nursing, there are at least 125 theories, many of them viable. Prominent among them are those of King and Neuman. The King theory is rooted in the effectiveness of human interaction between nurse and patient to set and achieve health goals. The Neuman theory is a stress-oriented system espousing the development of patient defences and resistance. The similarities outnumber the differences between the two. Both seek a conceptual foundation upon which the profession may be structured to achieve its highest ideals.
在护理行业内部，存在着一股支持发展真正护理范式的力量源泉，该范式基于统一理论以支持实践，从而在不断变化的医疗环境中提升护理的专业地位。在护理的这个前范式阶段，至少有125种理论，其中许多都切实可行。其中突出的是金氏理论和纽曼理论。金氏理论植根于护士与患者之间人际互动在设定和实现健康目标方面的有效性。纽曼理论是一个以压力为导向的系统，主张发展患者的防御和抵抗力。两者的相似之处多于不同之处。两者都寻求一个概念基础，在此基础上构建该专业以实现其最高理想。
