酵母朊病毒[URE3]和[PSI+]是疾病。
Yeast prions [URE3] and [PSI+] are diseases.
作者信息
Nakayashiki Toru, Kurtzman Cletus P, Edskes Herman K, Wickner Reed B
机构信息
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 8, Room 225, Bethesda, MD 20892-0830, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10575-80. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0504882102. Epub 2005 Jul 15.
Viruses, plasmids, and prions can spread in nature despite being a burden to their hosts. Because a prion arises de novo in more than one in 10(6) yeast cells and spreads to all offspring in meiosis, its absence in wild strains would imply that it has a net deleterious effect on its host. Among 70 wild Saccharomyces strains, we found the [PIN+] prion in 11 strains, but the [URE3] and [PSI+] prions were uniformly absent. In contrast, the "selfish" 2mu DNA was in 38 wild strains and the selfish RNA replicons L-BC, 20S, and 23S were found in 8, 14, and 1 strains, respectively. The absence of [URE3] and [PSI+] in wild strains indicates that each prion has a net deleterious effect on its host.
病毒、质粒和朊病毒尽管对宿主是一种负担，但仍能在自然界中传播。由于朊病毒在每10⁶个酵母细胞中就会有一个以上自发产生，并在减数分裂中传播给所有后代，野生菌株中没有朊病毒意味着它对宿主有净有害影响。在70个野生酿酒酵母菌株中，我们在11个菌株中发现了[PIN⁺]朊病毒，但[URE3]和[PSI⁺]朊病毒均未出现。相比之下，“自私”的2μm DNA存在于38个野生菌株中，自私的RNA复制子L-BC、20S和23S分别在8个、14个和1个菌株中被发现。野生菌株中没有[URE3]和[PSI⁺]表明每个朊病毒对其宿主都有净有害影响。
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