Schädler Martin, Roeder Mareike, Brandl Roland, Matthies Diethart
Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str., 35032 Marburg, Germany.
Oecologia. 2005 Dec;146(2):227-33. doi: 10.1007/s00442-005-0192-3. Epub 2005 Oct 28.
Palatability of parasitic plants may be influenced by their host species, because the parasites take up nutrients and secondary compounds from the hosts. If parasitic plants acquired the full spectrum of secondary compounds from their host, one would expect a correlation between host and parasite palatability. We examined the palatability of leaves of the root-hemiparasite Melampyrum arvense grown with different host plants and the palatability of these host plants for two generalist herbivores, the caterpillar of Spodoptera littoralis and the slug Arion lusitanicus. We used 19 species of host plants from 11 families that are known to contain a wide spectrum of anti-herbivore compounds. Growth of M. arvense was strongly influenced by the host species. The palatability of the individual host species for the two herbivores differed strongly. Both A. lusitanicus and S. littoralis discriminated also between hemiparasites grown with different host plants. There was no correlation between the palatability of a host species and that of the parasites grown on that host, i.e., hemiparasites grown on palatable host species were not more palatable than those grown on unpalatable hosts. We suggest an interacting pattern of specific effects of chemical anti-herbivore defences and indirect effects of the hosts on herbivores through effects on growth and tissue quality of the parasites.
寄生植物的适口性可能会受到其宿主物种的影响，因为寄生虫会从宿主中摄取营养物质和次生化合物。如果寄生植物从其宿主那里获取了全部次生化合物，那么人们可能会预期宿主和寄生虫的适口性之间存在相关性。我们研究了与不同宿主植物一起生长的根半寄生植物田野山萝花叶片的适口性，以及这两种宿主植物对两种广食性食草动物——斜纹夜蛾幼虫和葡萄牙蛞蝓的适口性。我们使用了来自11个科的19种宿主植物，已知这些植物含有广泛的抗食草动物化合物。田野山萝花的生长受到宿主物种的强烈影响。不同宿主物种对这两种食草动物的适口性差异很大。葡萄牙蛞蝓和斜纹夜蛾幼虫也能区分与不同宿主植物一起生长的半寄生植物。宿主物种的适口性与其上生长的寄生虫的适口性之间没有相关性，即生长在适口宿主物种上的半寄生植物并不比生长在不适口宿主上的半寄生植物更适口。我们提出了一种化学抗食草动物防御的特定效应与宿主通过对寄生虫生长和组织质量的影响而对食草动物产生的间接效应的相互作用模式。
