Butcher W, Ulaeto D
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dstl Porton Down, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK.
J Appl Microbiol. 2005;99(2):279-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02601.x.
The aim of this study is to identify common household disinfectants that combine significant activity against the type orthopoxvirus, vaccinia virus with minimal impact in terms of potential toxicity and/or damage to household or personal items.
Laboratory scale experiments assessed common disinfectants containing anionic and nonionic detergents, oxygen-based bleach, potassium peroxomonosulfate, chloroxylenol or halogenated phenols. Disinfectants were assessed for their ability to inactivate the virus on contact or after a short incubation period in the presence and absence of foetal bovine serum as a potential interferant. Significant differences were observed ranging from negligible effect of detergents to complete inactivation on contact with chloroxylenol.
At least one chloroxylenol-based household disinfectant is available, which inactivates vaccinia virus on contact.
In the event of a release or major outbreak of a pathogenic orthopoxvirus there is likely to be significant public demand for disinfectants with activity against these viruses. The identification of common household disinfectants with such activity obviates any requirement to stockpile or distribute laboratory/industrial disinfectants for this purpose.
本研究旨在确定对正痘病毒属病毒、痘苗病毒具有显著活性，同时对家用或个人物品的潜在毒性和/或损害影响最小的常见家用消毒剂。
实验室规模的实验评估了含有阴离子和非离子洗涤剂、氧系漂白剂、过一硫酸钾、对氯间二甲苯酚或卤代酚的常见消毒剂。评估了消毒剂在有和没有胎牛血清作为潜在干扰物的情况下，在接触或短时间孵育后使病毒失活的能力。观察到显著差异，从洗涤剂的可忽略不计的效果到与对氯间二甲苯酚接触后完全失活。
至少有一种基于对氯间二甲苯酚的家用消毒剂，其在接触时可使痘苗病毒失活。
在致病性正痘病毒释放或大规模爆发的情况下，公众很可能对具有抗这些病毒活性的消毒剂有很大需求。确定具有这种活性的常见家用消毒剂消除了为此目的储存或分发实验室/工业消毒剂的任何要求。
