Pritchard Jacqueline E
Department of Health and Social Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2005 Aug;51(3):236-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03493.x.
The aim of the paper is to show how life events contributed to ways in which health visitors related to women in their professional work.
Health visiting work has been labelled 'invisible' and since, 'invisibility' is an issue in feminist literature, this concept was explored in relation to health visiting.
A qualitative research design was developed, with a conceptual framework based in feminist and educational literature. Semi-structured, tape-recorded interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of 35 women health visitors. A systematic approach to data analysis took place, through which key themes and analytic categories were identified.
The findings showed three levels of interaction between health visitor and client that overlapped in the working relationship. First, the public face of the work is exemplified in the planned purposes of the health visiting contact. Secondly, during this contact, health visitors may draw on their lay knowledge of 'life events', that is, their private knowledge of the situation being described by the client. Thirdly, and at the same time, health visitors manage hidden personal feelings that arise within the interaction.
The invisible private knowledge gained in life events can have a transforming effect for both health visitors and clients. However, there is no educational model which legitimizes private and personal knowledge as a resource for use by health visitors. Understanding women's own position as 'women in a gendered society' would enhance the way in which health visiting is conducted and could lead to more productive outcomes in public health work.
本文旨在展示生活事件如何影响健康访视员在其专业工作中与女性建立联系的方式。
健康访视工作被贴上了“无形”的标签，而且由于“无形”是女性主义文献中的一个问题，因此针对健康访视探讨了这一概念。
开展了一项定性研究设计，其概念框架基于女性主义和教育文献。对35名女性健康访视员进行了有目的抽样的半结构化录音访谈。采用系统的数据分析方法，确定了关键主题和分析类别。
结果显示，健康访视员与服务对象之间存在三个层次的互动，这些互动在工作关系中相互重叠。首先，工作的公共层面体现在健康访视接触的既定目的中。其次，在这种接触过程中，健康访视员可能会利用她们对“生活事件”的外行知识，即她们对服务对象所描述情况的个人了解。第三，与此同时，健康访视员要处理互动过程中产生的隐藏的个人情感。
从生活事件中获得的无形的个人知识可能会对健康访视员和服务对象都产生变革性影响。然而，没有一种教育模式将私人和个人知识合法化，使其成为健康访视员可用的资源。理解女性作为“性别化社会中的女性”的自身立场，将改善健康访视的开展方式，并可能在公共卫生工作中带来更有成效的结果。
