Mor Eytan, Boas Hagai
Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tiqva 49100, Israel.
Curr Diab Rep. 2005 Aug;5(4):294-9. doi: 10.1007/s11892-005-0026-z.
The Israeli experience discloses the relationship between the traditional altruistic basis of organ donation and the new alternatives based on a utilitarian conception of unrelated compensated donation. Although organ trafficking in Israel was dramatically intensified, cadaveric and living-related donations decreased. Reforms in living donations, such as evaluation committees for unrelated directed donors, were insignificant in terms of meeting the demand of patients and reducing the volume of trafficking. It is our contention that battling organ trafficking should provide patients with a realistic alternative for kidney donations. Our model of regulated nondirect paid donations is planned to legalize significant compensation for the unrelated donors drawing individuals from falling into the trap of organ traders. This program, together with uncompromised penalties, would hopefully eradicate organ trafficking.
以色列的经历揭示了器官捐赠传统利他主义基础与基于功利主义概念的非亲属有偿捐赠新选择之间的关系。尽管以色列的器官交易急剧增加，但尸体捐赠和亲属活体捐赠却减少了。活体捐赠方面的改革，比如针对非亲属定向捐赠者的评估委员会，在满足患者需求和减少交易数量方面成效甚微。我们认为，打击器官交易应给患者提供肾脏捐赠的现实替代方案。我们的规范非直接有偿捐赠模式计划使对非亲属捐赠者的高额补偿合法化，避免个人落入器官贩子的陷阱。该计划，再加上毫不妥协的处罚措施，有望根除器官交易。
