Yousef Jasemian, Lars A N
Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.
Eur J Med Res. 2005 Jun 22;10(6):254-62.
This paper validates the integration of a generic real-time wireless telemedicine system utilising Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), BLUETOOTH protocol and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) for cellular network in clinical practice. In the first experiment, the system was tested on 24 pacemaker patients at Aalborg Hospital (Denmark), in order to see if the pacemaker implant would be affected by the system. I the second experiment, the system was tested on 15 non risky arrhythmia heart patients, in order to evaluate and validate the system application in clinical practice, for patient monitoring. Electrocardiograms were selected as the continuously monitored parameter in the present study. The results showed that the system had no negative effects on the pacemaker implants. The experiment results showed, that in a realistic environment for the patients, the system had 96.1 % up-time, 3.2 (kbps) throughput, 10(-3) (packet/s) Packet Error Rate and 10(-3) (packet/s) Packet Lost Rate. During 24 hours test the network did not respond for 57 minutes, from which 83.1 % was in the range of 0-3 minutes, 15.4 % was in the range of 3-5 minutes, and only 0.7 % of the down-time was > or = 5 and < or = 6 minutes. By a subjective evaluation, it was demonstrated that the system is applicable and the patients as well as the healthcare personals were highly confident with the system. Moreover, the patients had high degree of mobility and freedom, employing the system. In conclusion, this generic telemedicine system showed a high reliability, quality and performance, and the design can provide a basic principle for real-time wireless remote monitoring systems used in clinical practice.
本文验证了一种通用实时无线远程医疗系统在临床实践中的集成情况，该系统利用全球移动通信系统（GSM）、蓝牙协议和通用分组无线服务（GPRS）实现蜂窝网络通信。在第一个实验中，该系统在丹麦奥尔堡医院的24名起搏器患者身上进行了测试，以观察起搏器植入是否会受到该系统的影响。在第二个实验中，该系统在15名无风险心律失常心脏病患者身上进行了测试，以评估和验证该系统在临床实践中用于患者监测的应用情况。在本研究中，心电图被选为持续监测参数。结果表明，该系统对起搏器植入没有负面影响。实验结果显示，在患者的实际环境中，该系统的正常运行时间为96.1%，吞吐量为3.2（kbps），误包率为10⁻³（包/秒），丢包率为10⁻³（包/秒）。在24小时测试期间，网络有57分钟无响应，其中83.1%的无响应时间在0至3分钟范围内，15.4%在3至5分钟范围内，只有0.7%的停机时间大于或等于5分钟且小于或等于6分钟。通过主观评估表明，该系统是适用的，患者和医护人员对该系统高度信任。此外，患者在使用该系统时具有高度的移动性和自由度。总之，这种通用远程医疗系统具有很高的可靠性、质量和性能，其设计可为临床实践中使用的实时无线远程监测系统提供基本原理。
