具有大摩擦力的量子布朗运动。

Quantum Brownian motion with large friction.

作者信息

Ankerhold Joachim, Grabert Hermann, Pechukas Philip

机构信息

Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.

出版信息

Chaos. 2005 Jun;15(2):26106. doi: 10.1063/1.1855731.

DOI:10.1063/1.1855731

PMID:16035908

Abstract

Quantum Brownian motion in the strong friction limit is studied based on the exact path integral formulation of dissipative systems. In this limit the time-nonlocal reduced dynamics can be cast into an effective equation of motion, the quantum Smoluchowski equation. For strongly condensed phase environments it plays a similar role as master equations in the weak coupling range. Applications for chemical, mesoscopic, and soft matter systems are discussed and reveal the substantial role of quantum fluctuations.

摘要

基于耗散系统的精确路径积分形式，研究了强摩擦极限下的量子布朗运动。在此极限下，时间非局域约化动力学可转化为一个有效的运动方程，即量子斯莫卢霍夫斯基方程。对于强凝聚相环境，它在弱耦合范围内起着与主方程类似的作用。讨论了其在化学、介观和软物质系统中的应用，并揭示了量子涨落的重要作用。