Leonardi Fabiana, Attorri Lucilla, Di Benedetto Rita, Di Biase Antonella, Sanchez Massimo, Nardini Mirella, Salvati Serafina
Food Science, Nutrition and Health Department, Intituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Free Radic Res. 2005 Aug;39(8):865-74. doi: 10.1080/10715760500145069.
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been described to have beneficial effects on brain development and in the prevention and treatment of brain damage. C6 glioma cells were incubated with 100 microM of either C20:4n-6 (ARA), or C20:5n-3 (EPA), or C22:6n-3 (DHA) for different time periods to assess whether these acids altered the cellular oxidative state. The ARA and EPA were promptly metabolised to C22:4n-6 and C22:5n-3, respectively, whereas DHA treatment simply increased the amount of DHA in the cells. Cell viability was not affected by ARA, while a cytotoxic effect was observed 72 h after n-3 PUFAs supplementation. The levels of reactive oxygen species and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly higher in DHA-treated cells than in EPA- and ARA-treated groups. This modification in the oxidative cellular status was also highlighted by a significant increase in catalase activity and a decrease in glutathione content in DHA-supplemented cells. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, an enzyme involved in redox regulation, and O2*- release were significantly increased both in EPA and DHA groups. The effect of DHA was more severe than that of EPA. No significant changes were observed in the ARA group with respect to untreated cells. These data show that EPA and DHA induce alterations in the oxidative status that could affect the glial function.
n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）已被描述对大脑发育以及脑损伤的预防和治疗具有有益作用。将C6胶质瘤细胞与100微摩尔的二十碳四烯酸（ARA，C20:4n-6）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA，C20:5n-3）或二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，C22:6n-3）孵育不同时间段，以评估这些脂肪酸是否会改变细胞的氧化状态。ARA和EPA分别迅速代谢为二十二碳四烯酸（C22:4n-6）和二十二碳五烯酸（C22:5n-3），而DHA处理只是增加了细胞内DHA的含量。ARA对细胞活力没有影响，而在补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸72小时后观察到细胞毒性作用。DHA处理的细胞中活性氧和硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质的水平显著高于EPA和ARA处理组。补充DHA的细胞中过氧化氢酶活性显著增加和谷胱甘肽含量降低也突出了细胞氧化状态的这种改变。参与氧化还原调节的酶葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性以及超氧阴离子（O2*−）释放量在EPA和DHA组中均显著增加。DHA的作用比EPA更严重。与未处理细胞相比，ARA组未观察到显著变化。这些数据表明，EPA和DHA会诱导氧化状态的改变，这可能会影响神经胶质细胞的功能。
