Kishali Necip Fazil, Imamoglu Osman, Kaldirimci Murat, Akyol Pelin, Yildirim Kadir
Physical Education and Sports High School, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Int J Neurosci. 2005 Sep;115(9):1247-57. doi: 10.1080/00207450590934435.
The aim of this study was to compare plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations of male and female subjects in different training levels and to examine the risks of cardiovascular diseases. For this purpose, 20 male athletes from the National Turkish Wrestling Team (age 23.5 +/- 1.25 years) and 44 male and 51 female students (ages 21.7 +/- 1.72 and 20.20 +/- 1.68 years, respectively) from physical education and sports department and 40 sedentary females (ages 21.14 +/- 1.72 years) participated in this study. Trigliceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C and LDL-C levels were determined by a Hitachi 717 Autoanalyser. Apo A-l, Apo B, and Lp(a) levels were determined by Behringer Nephelometer 100. Maximum Oxygen Consumption (VO(2) max) values were determined by 12-min run test and the anaerobic power values were measured by Jump Meter Instrument. Energy consumption of basal metabolic rates were for males 1 kcal for an hour and 0.9 kcal for females. There were no significant differences in plasma TC, TG, and small lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) values between four groups (p > .05). No significant differences were found in HDL-C, LDL-C, apolipoprotein Al (Apo-Al), and apolipoprotein B100 (Apo-B) values between wrestlers and male students, and between female students and sedentary females (p > .05). HDL-C values of female students and sedentary females were significantly higher when compared with the same values of wrestlers and male students (41.52 and 40.93 mg/100 ml versus 51.92 and 50.10 mg/100 ml). However, LDL-C values were found to be lower in females than males (121.83 and 101.10 mg/100 ml as opposed to 97.7 and 98.4 mg/100 ml) but only significantly lower than in wrestlers (p < .05). Although the wrestlers' training levels were always higher than male students, the lipid and lipoprotein values were not different. These variables were not different between female groups either. But the lipid and lipoprotein profile of female subjects was found to be better than that of males. These results showed that medium and high level of exercises did not cause significant differences in lipid and lipoprotein levels, but the sex differences were very pronounced. Lipid and lipoprotein values of the four groups have indicated that the individuals in these groups would not be exposed to danger of cardiovascular diseases.
本研究的目的是比较不同训练水平的男性和女性受试者的血浆脂质和脂蛋白浓度，并检查心血管疾病的风险。为此，来自土耳其国家摔跤队的20名男性运动员（年龄23.5±1.25岁）、体育系的44名男学生和51名女学生（年龄分别为21.7±1.72岁和20.20±1.68岁）以及40名久坐不动的女性（年龄21.14±1.72岁）参与了本研究。甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平通过日立717自动分析仪测定。载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ、载脂蛋白B和脂蛋白（a）水平通过贝林格散射比浊仪100测定。最大耗氧量（VO₂max）值通过12分钟跑步测试确定，无氧功率值通过跳跃测量仪测量。基础代谢率的能量消耗男性为每小时1千卡，女性为每小时0.9千卡。四组之间的血浆TC、TG和小脂蛋白（a）值无显著差异（p>.05）。摔跤运动员与男学生之间，以及女学生与久坐不动的女性之间，HDL-C、LDL-C、载脂蛋白AⅠ（Apo-AⅠ）和载脂蛋白B100（Apo-B）值均无显著差异（p>.05）。女学生和久坐不动的女性的HDL-C值与摔跤运动员和男学生的相同值相比显著更高（41.52和40.93mg/100ml，而51.92和50.10mg/100ml）。然而，发现女性的LDL-C值低于男性（分别为121.83和101.10mg/100ml，而男性为97.7和98.4mg/100ml），但仅显著低于摔跤运动员（p<.05）。尽管摔跤运动员的训练水平始终高于男学生，但脂质和脂蛋白值并无差异。女性组之间这些变量也无差异。但发现女性受试者的脂质和脂蛋白谱优于男性。这些结果表明，中等和高水平的运动不会导致脂质和脂蛋白水平有显著差异，但性别差异非常明显。四组的脂质和脂蛋白值表明这些组中的个体不会面临心血管疾病的危险。
