Tytell M
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Int J Hyperthermia. 2005 Aug;21(5):445-55. doi: 10.1080/02656730500041921.
Hsps were long thought to be cytoplasmic proteins with functions restricted to the intra-cellular compartment. However, an increasing number of observations show that they can be released into the extra-cellular space and can then have a wide variety of affects on other cells. The mechanism of release remains unknown, but may involve the shedding of exosomes, which are vesicles containing cytoplasmic constituents. In the nervous system, it appears that glial cells can release the 70 kD Hsps and that neurons exposed to extra-cellular Hsps are more likely to survive injury than their naïve counterparts. These phenomena have great potential significance in the development of neuroprotective therapeutic strategies utilizing the heat shock protein response.
热休克蛋白长期以来被认为是细胞质蛋白，其功能局限于细胞内区室。然而，越来越多的观察结果表明，它们可以释放到细胞外空间，进而对其他细胞产生各种各样的影响。释放机制尚不清楚，但可能涉及外泌体的脱落，外泌体是含有细胞质成分的囊泡。在神经系统中，似乎胶质细胞可以释放70kD的热休克蛋白，并且暴露于细胞外热休克蛋白的神经元比未接触过的神经元更有可能在损伤后存活。这些现象在利用热休克蛋白反应开发神经保护治疗策略方面具有巨大的潜在意义。
