Stern M P, Gonzalez C, Mitchell B D, Villalpando E, Haffner S M, Hazuda H P
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.
Diabetes. 1992 Apr;41(4):484-92. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.4.484.
To study genetic and environmental determinants of non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes, we compared a random sample of 35- to 64-yr-old Mexican-American men and women living in several low-income barrio neighborhoods of San Antonio to similarly aged Mexicans living in a low-income colonia of Mexico City (Colonia Liberales). A total of 1138 Mexican Americans, representing 64.3% of the original sample, and 646 Mexicans, representing 69.2% of the original sample, participated in the survey. Diabetes was diagnosed using World Health Organization criteria. Genetic susceptibility to type II diabetes was inferred from the percentage of Native American genetic admixture as estimated from skin reflectance measurements. The prevalence of diabetes was 36% higher among San Antonio Mexican Americans than among Mexicans in Mexico City; this difference was highly statistically significant (age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ratio 1.36, P = 0.006). This excess was observed despite the fact that genetic susceptibility, as inferred from the admixture estimates, was similar in the two cities. On the other hand, Mexicans were somewhat leaner as measured by body mass index and skin folds. Mexican women consumed fewer total calories than Mexican-American women, but there was no difference in the caloric intake of men. Mexico City residents ate less fat (18-19% of total calories vs. 31-32% in San Antonio, P less than 0.001), more carbohydrate (64-65 vs. 49%, P less than 0.001), and performed more physical activity than San Antonio Mexican Americans. Mexicans appeared to consume more refined sugar than Mexican Americans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为研究非胰岛素依赖型（II型）糖尿病的遗传和环境决定因素，我们将居住在圣安东尼奥几个低收入西班牙裔聚居区的35至64岁墨西哥裔美国男女的随机样本，与居住在墨西哥城一个低收入定居点（自由定居点）的同龄墨西哥人进行了比较。共有1138名墨西哥裔美国人（占原始样本的64.3%）和646名墨西哥人（占原始样本的69.2%）参与了调查。糖尿病根据世界卫生组织标准进行诊断。II型糖尿病的遗传易感性通过根据皮肤反射率测量估计的美洲原住民基因混合百分比推断得出。圣安东尼奥墨西哥裔美国人中的糖尿病患病率比墨西哥城的墨西哥人高36%；这一差异具有高度统计学意义（年龄和性别调整后的患病率比为1.36，P = 0.006）。尽管根据混合估计推断，两个城市的遗传易感性相似，但仍观察到了这种差异。另一方面，按体重指数和皮肤褶皱测量，墨西哥人稍微瘦一些。墨西哥女性摄入的总热量比墨西哥裔美国女性少，但男性的热量摄入没有差异。墨西哥城居民摄入的脂肪较少（占总热量的18 - 19%，而圣安东尼奥为31 - 32%，P < 0.001），碳水化合物较多（64 - 65%对49%，P < 0.001），并且比圣安东尼奥的墨西哥裔美国人进行更多的体育活动。墨西哥人似乎比墨西哥裔美国人摄入更多的精制糖。（摘要截短于250字）
