Wei M, Gonzalez C, Haffner S M, O'Leary D H, Stern M P
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Nov;16(11):1388-92. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.16.11.1388.
Measurements of carotid artery wall thickness are often used as a surrogate for atherosclerosis. However, few studies have performed these measurements in populations of Mexican origin. Since Mexicans in Mexico City consume high-carbohydrate diets and have carbohydrate-induced dyslipidemia (high triglyceride and low HDL cholesterol levels) compared with Mexican Americans living in San Antonio, Tex, we questioned whether they also had more atherosclerosis than San Antonio Mexican Americans. Mean maximum intimal-medial thickness (IMT) of the common (CCA) and internal (ICA) carotid arteries were measured in 867 subjects aged 35 to 64 years (40% men) in two Mexican-origin populations, one from San Antonio (n = 202) and the other from Mexico City (n = 665). IMT's in the two cities were compared, and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed. Older age, male sex, high levels of total cholesterol, low levels of HDL cholesterol, and high systolic blood pressure were positively associated with both CCA IMT and ICA IMT. Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with ICA IMT. CCA and ICA IMTs in diabetic subjects were thicker than in nondiabetic subjects in both men and women (all P < = .05). CCA IMT was thicker in the San Antonio than the Mexico City subjects after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (0.81 versus 0.76 mm in men and 0.77 versus 0.71 mm in women; P < .001 for city difference). San Antonio men also had thicker ICA IMT than their counterparts in Mexico City (0.88 versus 0.83 mm), but the reverse was true for women (0.73 versus 0.77 mm; interaction between sex and city, P < .05). Our results indicate that men had higher carotid IMTs than women. CCA IMT was thicker in San Antonio Mexican Americans than in Mexico City residents. The differences in ICA IMTs between San Antonio and Mexico City were inconsistent. Thus, since Mexico City residents consume high-carbohydrate diets, the data do not support an atherogenic effect of such diets. The interaction between sex and city on ICA IMT deserves further study.
颈动脉壁厚度的测量常被用作动脉粥样硬化的替代指标。然而，很少有研究在墨西哥裔人群中进行此类测量。由于墨西哥城的墨西哥人摄入高碳水化合物饮食，与生活在得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的墨西哥裔美国人相比，存在碳水化合物诱导的血脂异常（高甘油三酯和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平），我们质疑他们是否也比圣安东尼奥的墨西哥裔美国人有更多的动脉粥样硬化。在两个墨西哥裔人群中，对867名年龄在35至64岁（40%为男性）的受试者测量了颈总动脉（CCA）和颈内动脉（ICA）的平均最大内膜中层厚度（IMT），一组来自圣安东尼奥（n = 202），另一组来自墨西哥城（n = 665）。比较了两个城市的IMT，并分析了它们与心血管危险因素的关联。年龄较大、男性、总胆固醇水平高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低和收缩压高与CCA IMT和ICA IMT均呈正相关。吸烟与ICA IMT显著相关。糖尿病患者的CCA和ICA IMT在男性和女性中均比非糖尿病患者厚（所有P <=.05）。在调整心血管危险因素后，圣安东尼奥受试者的CCA IMT比墨西哥城受试者厚（男性为0.81对0.76毫米，女性为0.77对0.71毫米；城市差异P <.001）。圣安东尼奥男性的ICA IMT也比墨西哥城的男性厚（0.88对0.83毫米），但女性情况相反（0.73对0.77毫米；性别与城市之间的相互作用，P <.05）。我们的结果表明，男性的颈动脉IMT高于女性。圣安东尼奥的墨西哥裔美国人的CCA IMT比墨西哥城居民厚。圣安东尼奥和墨西哥城之间ICA IMT的差异不一致。因此，由于墨西哥城居民摄入高碳水化合物饮食，数据不支持此类饮食的致动脉粥样硬化作用。性别与城市在ICA IMT上的相互作用值得进一步研究。
