Ashcroft Frances M
University Laboratory of Physiology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
J Clin Invest. 2005 Aug;115(8):2047-58. doi: 10.1172/JCI25495.
ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels, so named because they are inhibited by intracellular (ATP), play key physiological roles in many tissues. In pancreatic beta cells, these channels regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and serve as the target for sulfonylurea drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on insulin secretory disorders, such as congenital hyperinsulinemia and neonatal diabetes, that result from mutations in K(ATP) channel genes. It also considers the extent to which defective regulation of K(ATP) channel activity contributes to the etiology of type 2 diabetes.
ATP敏感性钾(K(ATP))通道,因其受细胞内ATP抑制而得名,在许多组织中发挥关键的生理作用。在胰腺β细胞中,这些通道调节葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素分泌,并作为用于治疗2型糖尿病的磺脲类药物的靶点。本综述聚焦于由K(ATP)通道基因突变导致的胰岛素分泌紊乱,如先天性高胰岛素血症和新生儿糖尿病。它还探讨了K(ATP)通道活性调节缺陷在2型糖尿病病因学中的作用程度。