Beldi G, Candinas D
Klinik für Viszerale und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsspital, Bern.
Ther Umsch. 2005 Jul;62(7):459-67. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.62.7.459.
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has become the method of choice for many forms of endstage liver disease and is generally associated with a good long-term outcome. Morbidity and mortality for this routine procedure have become acceptable provided the procedure is carried out with a correct and timely indication. It is important for the general practitioner to recognize the various early clinical signs of liver failure and portal hypertension in due course in order to reach a comprehensive planning of all necessary medical steps ahead. The most frequent indications for OLT such as chronic hepatitis C related cirrhosis, cholostatic forms of liver disease, limited liver tumours and metabolic disorders (haemochromatosis) are discussed in detail and major practical problems that a general practitioner might encounter in the follow-up of patients with OLT are highlighted in this review.
原位肝移植（OLT）已成为多种终末期肝病的首选治疗方法，总体而言长期预后良好。只要手术指征正确且及时，该常规手术的发病率和死亡率已可接受。全科医生及时识别肝衰竭和门静脉高压的各种早期临床体征很重要，以便提前全面规划所有必要的医疗措施。本文详细讨论了OLT最常见的指征，如慢性丙型肝炎相关性肝硬化、胆汁淤积型肝病、局限性肝肿瘤和代谢紊乱（血色素沉着症），并强调了全科医生在OLT患者随访中可能遇到的主要实际问题。
