Ek Edmund W, Ek Eugene T, Mackay Sean D
St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
ANZ J Surg. 2005 Aug;75(8):713-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2005.03500.x.
The purpose of this survey was to determine the views of final year medical students in Melbourne regarding both undergraduate surgical teaching and the students' career aspirations.
A structured questionnaire was given to all final year medical students at Monash and Melbourne Universities in 2003. The questions dealt with the factors influencing graduating medical students, including theatre experience, encouragement/support from surgeons, presence of mentors, lifestyle factors and gender issues.
The response rate was 61.2% (251/410). Of these, 50.6% were male, 32.3% declared an interest in surgical training with the remainder either uncertain (24%) or uninterested (44%). Male students were more likely to be interested in surgery. General surgery was the most popular field (69%), followed by plastic surgery (37%) and orthopaedic surgery (35%). Of respondents, 78% reported positive influences towards pursuing a surgical career during their undergraduate years, while 63% reported a negative experience. A total of 67% believed that the current curriculum is adequate and 43% that there is enough support/encouragement towards a surgical career. Only 44% of respondents reported that surgeons are approachable. Lifestyle and family factors were the most important career influence. In particular, 57% of female respondents felt discouraged from pursuing a surgical career and 99% of these women reported lifestyle/family factors as the main source of discouragement, with a further 72% identifying a lack of female role models.
This survey highlights important issues in current undergraduate perception of surgical teaching and higher training. Issues that may encourage or discourage a graduating student to pursue a surgical career are identified.
本次调查旨在了解墨尔本最后一年医学生对本科外科教学以及学生职业抱负的看法。
2003年，向莫纳什大学和墨尔本大学所有最后一年的医学生发放了一份结构化问卷。问题涉及影响即将毕业的医学生的因素，包括手术室经验、外科医生的鼓励/支持、导师的存在、生活方式因素和性别问题。
回复率为61.2%（251/410）。其中，50.6%为男性，32.3%表示对外科培训感兴趣，其余学生要么不确定（24%），要么不感兴趣（44%）。男学生对手术更感兴趣。普通外科是最受欢迎的领域（69%），其次是整形外科（37%）和骨科（35%）。在受访者中，78%表示在本科期间受到了追求外科职业的积极影响，而63%表示有负面经历。共有67%的人认为当前课程足够，43%的人认为对从事外科职业有足够的支持/鼓励。只有44%的受访者表示外科医生容易接近。生活方式和家庭因素是最重要的职业影响因素。特别是，57%的女性受访者因追求外科职业而感到气馁，其中99%的女性表示生活方式/家庭因素是气馁的主要来源，另有72%的人指出缺乏女性榜样。
本次调查突出了当前本科对外科教学和高级培训认知中的重要问题。确定了可能鼓励或阻碍即将毕业的学生追求外科职业的问题。
