Carael M, Van de Perre P H, Lepage P H, Allen S, Nsengumuremyi F, Van Goethem C, Ntahorutaba M, Nzaramba D, Clumeck N
Institute for Sociology, Free University of Brussels, Belgium.
AIDS. 1988 Jun;2(3):201-5.
From February to June 1986, 150 heterosexual couples with at least one HIV-seropositive member were recruited in the 'Centre Hospitalier de Kigali', Kigali, Rwanda. Of the 138 HIV-seropositive couples in whom both members were tested, 124 (90%) were sexual unions between two antibody-positive partners, illustrating the high efficiency of the heterosexual transmission of HIV. A comparison of these 124 couples with 150 HIV-seronegative couples showed that, in the husbands, seropositivity is significantly associated with sexual contacts with prostitutes and history of sexually transmitted disease (STD) within the past 2 years. Seropositive wives were less likely to be in their first marriage and reported more episodes of STD than seronegative ones. Seropositive couples were similar to seronegatives in their history of blood transfusion, male circumcision and overall use of contraception but not in their use of oral contraceptive pills, which was more frequent; they were more often in polygamous unions. Discriminant analysis showed that STD, sexual contacts with prostitutes and the number of previous unions are the most powerful independent variables associated with the seropositivity of the couples. Most of the risk factors for the couples were the risk factors for the husband, suggesting that in most cases the husband acquired the HIV infection and passed it to his wife.
1986年2月至6月，在卢旺达基加利的“基加利中心医院”招募了150对至少有一名HIV血清学阳性成员的异性恋夫妇。在138对双方都接受检测的HIV血清学阳性夫妇中，有124对（90%）是两个抗体阳性伴侣之间的性结合，这表明HIV异性传播的高效性。将这124对夫妇与150对HIV血清学阴性夫妇进行比较发现，在丈夫中，血清学阳性与过去两年内与妓女的性接触以及性传播疾病（STD）史显著相关。血清学阳性的妻子初婚的可能性较小，且报告的STD发作次数比血清学阴性的妻子更多。血清学阳性夫妇在输血史、男性包皮环切术和总体避孕使用情况方面与血清学阴性夫妇相似，但在口服避孕药的使用方面不同，血清学阳性夫妇使用更频繁；他们更多处于一夫多妻制婚姻中。判别分析表明，STD、与妓女的性接触以及以前婚姻的次数是与夫妇血清学阳性相关的最有力的独立变量。夫妇的大多数危险因素是丈夫的危险因素，这表明在大多数情况下，丈夫感染了HIV并将其传给了妻子。
