Goimier Yannick, Pascual Cristina, Sánchez Ariadna, Gaxiola Gabriela, Sánchez Adolfo, Rosas Carlos
Université de Poitiers, U.F.R. Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées, 40 Avenue du Recteur Pineau, F-86022 Poitiers Cedex, France.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2006 Mar;92(1-2):193-208. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.05.034. Epub 2005 Aug 9.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of amount of dietary protein levels on blood indicators of protein metabolism and immune condition (blood protein, hemocyanin, osmotic pressure, and hemocytes concentrations), and reproductive capacity of pre-adult Litopenaeus setiferus males (F0). Assessments were made of the relationship between amount of dietary protein, immune condition, and reproductive condition of the shrimp during the maturation process. Three different diets, with different amounts of protein (DP; 35, 45, and 55%), were evaluated over 55 days and compared with shrimp that were from a baseline group before treatments were administrated. Osmotic pressure, hemocyanin, blood protein, and hemocytes were greater in shrimp from control ponds than those obtained of shrimp fed 35 and 45% DP and similar to that obtained in shrimp fed 55% DP, demonstrating that food in the control pond had a nutritional value to that obtained by feeding amounts of dietary protein beyond 45%. Osmotic pressure, hemocyanin (Hc), blood protein (BP), and hemocytes were influenced by amount of DP with the physiology and immune system of shrimp being influenced by diet. At the same time, a maximum reproductive condition (measured as a proportion of normal cells of the total sperm cells) of shrimp males was observed in shrimp fed 45% DPL with lesser normal cells being present in shrimp fed 35 and 55% DPL. These results indicate that an immune reaction can occur in response to dietary protein with excess DP affecting several physiological functions included the sperm synthesis and sperm quality. Influence on hemocytes concentration in shrimp fed protein in excess could activate an attack on sperm cells in the vas deferens provoking lose of sperm quality in such conditions. Results indicate an optimal DP of 45 for maintaining the broodstock bank of L. setiferus.
本研究旨在评估日粮蛋白质水平对未成年凡纳滨对虾雄性亲虾（F0）蛋白质代谢血液指标和免疫状况（血蛋白、血蓝蛋白、渗透压和血细胞浓度）以及繁殖能力的影响。评估了对虾在成熟过程中日粮蛋白质含量、免疫状况和繁殖状况之间的关系。在55天内评估了三种不同蛋白质含量（DP；35%、45%和55%）的不同日粮，并与处理前作为基线组的对虾进行了比较。对照池塘中的对虾的渗透压、血蓝蛋白、血蛋白和血细胞含量高于饲喂35%和45%DP的对虾，与饲喂55%DP的对虾相似，这表明对照池塘中的食物与超过45%的日粮蛋白质含量具有相同的营养价值。渗透压、血蓝蛋白（Hc）、血蛋白（BP）和血细胞受DP含量的影响，对虾的生理和免疫系统受日粮的影响。同时，在饲喂45%DPL的对虾雄性中观察到最大繁殖状况（以正常细胞占总精子细胞的比例衡量），而饲喂35%和55%DPL的对虾中正常细胞较少。这些结果表明，对日粮蛋白质会发生免疫反应，过量的DP会影响包括精子合成和精子质量在内的几种生理功能。对过量摄入蛋白质的对虾血细胞浓度的影响可能会激活对输精管中精子细胞的攻击，从而在这种情况下导致精子质量下降。结果表明，维持凡纳滨对虾亲虾库的最佳DP为45%。
