Moser Rosemarie Scolaro, Schatz Philip, Jordan Barry D
RSM Psychology Center, LLC, Lawrenceville, New Jersey 08648, USA.
Neurosurgery. 2005 Aug;57(2):300-6; discussion 300-6. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000166663.98616.e4.
To identify enduring prolonged neuropsychological effects of cerebral concussion in high school youth athletes.
High school athletes (n = 223) underwent baseline neuropsychological evaluation between 1999 and 2000, assigned to independent groups on the basis of concussion history: athletes with no concussion history or present medical and/or neuropsychological complaints (n = 82), symptom-free athletes who experienced one (n = 56) or two or more (n = 45) concussions (not in the prior 6 mo), and those who experienced a concussion 1 week before testing (n = 40). Main outcome measures included a structured clinical interview, demographic form, symptom checklist, the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, and the Trail Making Tests A and B. Analyses of variance were used to determine between-group differences.
Athletes with recent concussions performed significantly worse on measures of attention and concentration than youth athletes with no concussion history. Symptom-free athletes with a history of two or more concussions performed similar on testing to youth athletes who had just experienced a recent concussion. Similarly, cumulative academic grade point averages were significantly lower not only for youth athletes with two or more previous concussion groups, but for youth athletes who experienced recent concussions, suggesting that athletes with lower grade point averages may be more prone to concussion.
There seem to be subtle yet significant prolonged neuropsychological effects in youth athletes with a history of two or more previous concussions.
确定高中青年运动员脑震荡的长期神经心理学影响。
高中运动员（n = 223）在1999年至2000年期间接受了基线神经心理学评估，根据脑震荡病史分为独立组：无脑震荡病史或当前有医学和/或神经心理学主诉的运动员（n = 82），经历过一次（n = 56）或两次及以上（n = 45）脑震荡（不在前6个月内）且无症状的运动员，以及在测试前1周经历过脑震荡的运动员（n = 40）。主要结局指标包括结构化临床访谈、人口统计学表格、症状清单、可重复神经心理状态评估量表以及连线测验A和B。采用方差分析来确定组间差异。
近期有脑震荡的运动员在注意力和专注力测试中的表现明显比无脑震荡病史的青年运动员差。有两次或更多次脑震荡病史且无症状的运动员在测试中的表现与刚经历过近期脑震荡的青年运动员相似。同样，不仅有两次或更多次既往脑震荡组的青年运动员累积学业平均绩点显著较低，近期有脑震荡的青年运动员也是如此，这表明平均绩点较低的运动员可能更容易发生脑震荡。
有两次或更多次既往脑震荡病史的青年运动员似乎存在细微但显著的长期神经心理学影响。
