Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia.
Traumatic Brain Injury Team, Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2019 Dec;57(6):733-740. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.08.016.
Sports and physical activities are a frequent cause of traumatic brain injury, primarily concussions, among adolescents. These concussions may adversely affect students' ability to learn and impair academic achievement in educational settings.
The 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, conducted among a nationally representative sample of 14,765 U.S. high school students, was analyzed in 2018 to examine associations between self-reported sports- and physical activity-related concussions and symptoms of cognitive impairment (difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions) and self-reported academic grades (mostly A's=4.0, mostly B's=3.0, mostly C's=2.0, mostly D's=1.0, mostly F's=0.0). Adjusted prevalence ratio and the difference in self-reported estimated grade point average were adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, grade, and athlete status (participation on sports teams) and considered statistically significant if p<0.05.
Male students were more likely than female students (17.1% vs 13.0%), and athletes were more likely than nonathletes (21.4% vs 7.6%) to have a self-reported sports- and physical activity-related concussion in the 12 months preceding the survey. Students with a reported sports- and physical activity-related concussion were more likely than students without one to report symptoms of cognitive impairment regardless of whether they were male (adjusted prevalence ratio=1.49), female (adjusted prevalence ratio=1.37), athletes (adjusted prevalence ratio=1.45), or nonathletes (adjusted prevalence ratio=1.42). Self-reported grade point averagedecreased significantly from 3.14 among students who reported no concussions (referent), to 3.04 among students who reported a single concussion, and 2.81 among students who reported ≥2 concussions.
School-based programs are needed to monitor students' academic performance and provide educational support and resources to promote academic success following a concussion.
运动和体育活动是青少年外伤性脑损伤（主要是脑震荡）的常见原因。这些脑震荡可能会对学生的学习能力产生不利影响，并影响他们在教育环境中的学业成绩。
2018 年对 2017 年全国代表性样本的 14765 名美国高中生进行的青少年风险行为调查进行了分析，以调查自我报告的与运动和体育活动相关的脑震荡以及认知障碍症状（注意力、记忆力或决策困难）与自我报告的学业成绩（大部分 A=4.0，大部分 B=3.0，大部分 C=2.0，大部分 D=1.0，大部分 F=0.0）之间的关联。调整后的患病率比和自我报告的估计平均绩点差异均针对性别、种族/族裔、年级和运动员身份（参加运动队）进行了调整，如果 p<0.05，则认为具有统计学意义。
与女性学生（17.1%比 13.0%）相比，男生更有可能报告在调查前 12 个月内有自我报告的与运动和体育活动相关的脑震荡，与非运动员相比，运动员更有可能报告（21.4%比 7.6%）。无论是否为男性（调整后的患病率比=1.49）、女性（调整后的患病率比=1.37）、运动员（调整后的患病率比=1.45）或非运动员（调整后的患病率比=1.42），有自我报告的与运动和体育活动相关的脑震荡的学生更有可能报告认知障碍的症状。与没有脑震荡的学生（参考）相比，自我报告的平均绩点显著降低，从没有脑震荡的学生的 3.14 降至报告单次脑震荡的学生的 3.04，降至报告≥2 次脑震荡的学生的 2.81。
需要在学校开展项目，监测学生的学业表现，并提供教育支持和资源，以促进脑震荡后的学业成功。
