Lillie Brandon N, Brooks Andrew S, Keirstead Natalie D, Hayes M Anthony
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2005 Oct 18;108(1-2):97-110. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.07.001.
Collagenous lectins such as mannan-binding lectins (MBLs), ficolins (FCNs), surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A, SP-D), conglutinin (CG), and related ruminant lectins are multimeric proteins with carbohydrate-binding domains aligned in a manner that facilitates binding to microbial surface polysaccharides. MBLs and FCNs are structurally related to C1q, but activate the lectin complement pathway via interaction with MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs). MBLs, FCNs, and other collagenous lectins also bind to some host macromolecules and contribute to their removal. While there is evidence that some lectins and the lectin complement pathway are conserved in vertebrates, many differences in collagenous lectins have been observed among humans, rodents, and other vertebrates. For example, humans have only one MBL but three FCNs, whereas most other species express two FCNs and two MBLs. Bovidae express CG and other SP-D-related collectins that are not found in monogastric species. Some dysfunctions of human MBL are due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that affect its expression or structure and thereby increase susceptibility to some infections. Collagenous lectins have well-established roles in innate immunity to various microorganisms, so it is possible that some lectin genotypes or induced phenotypes influence resistance to some infectious or inflammatory diseases in animals.
胶原凝集素，如甘露聚糖结合凝集素（MBL）、纤维胶凝蛋白（FCN）、表面活性蛋白A和D（SP-A、SP-D）、胶固素（CG）以及相关的反刍动物凝集素，是多聚体蛋白，其碳水化合物结合结构域以一种便于与微生物表面多糖结合的方式排列。MBL和FCN在结构上与C1q相关，但通过与MBL相关丝氨酸蛋白酶（MASP）相互作用激活凝集素补体途径。MBL、FCN和其他胶原凝集素也与一些宿主大分子结合并促进其清除。虽然有证据表明一些凝集素和凝集素补体途径在脊椎动物中是保守的，但在人类、啮齿动物和其他脊椎动物之间观察到胶原凝集素有许多差异。例如，人类只有一种MBL，但有三种FCN，而大多数其他物种表达两种FCN和两种MBL。牛科动物表达CG和其他在单胃动物中未发现的与SP-D相关的凝集素。人类MBL的一些功能障碍是由于单核苷酸多态性（SNP）影响其表达或结构，从而增加了对某些感染的易感性。胶原凝集素在对各种微生物的固有免疫中具有既定作用，因此一些凝集素基因型或诱导表型可能影响动物对某些传染病或炎症性疾病的抵抗力。
