Michel O, Essers S, Heppt W-J, Johannssen V, Reuter W, Hommel G
Klinik u. Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Klinikum der Universität zu Köln, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50924 Köln, Germany.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005 Oct;69(10):1359-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.04.022.
The treatment of rhinosinusitis seen in the light of uncertain pathogenesis and variable symptoms is under discussion and ranges from the administration of antibiotics, decongestants and anti-allergic agents to no treatment. In this randomized, prospective, double-blind and controlled study the effect of a 14-day treatment (1-2 sprays into each nostril t.d.) with either isotonic Ems Mineral Salts (EMS) solution (Siemens & Co., Bad Ems, Germany) or xylometazoline solution (0.05%) was tested in children (n=66) aged 2-6 years.
the degree of mucosal inflammation, nasal patency, general state of health, condition of the middle ear, auditory function as well as an assessment of complaints by the parents. With the exception of the hearing defects, all parameters showed a clear improvement in both treatment groups at the end of the observation period (p>0.001). The hearing defects showed only a trend towards improvement. At the end of the study no differences between the treatment groups could be determined. However, at the intermediate examination after the first 7 days of treatment more favourable results were seen in the group treated with EMS. No undesired medicinal effects were observed, although in 7 out of 34 cases the nasal spray was improperly used in the group treated with xylometazoline. The results of the study show that there is no difference in efficacy between an exclusive treatment by EMS solution in children aged 2-6 years and a treatment with xylometazoline, but with the distinction that with EMS the length of use was not restricted, there were not the potential side effects of nasal decongestants, and there was no contraindication in the newborn and infants.
鉴于鼻窦炎发病机制不明且症状多样，其治疗方法仍在讨论中，范围从使用抗生素、减充血剂和抗过敏药物到不进行治疗。在这项随机、前瞻性、双盲对照研究中，对2至6岁儿童（n = 66）使用等渗的埃姆斯矿盐（EMS）溶液（德国巴特埃姆斯西门子公司）或赛洛唑啉溶液（0.05%）进行为期14天的治疗（每侧鼻孔每日喷1 - 2次）的效果进行了测试。
黏膜炎症程度、鼻腔通畅度、总体健康状况、中耳状况、听觉功能以及家长对患儿症状的评估。除听力缺陷外，所有参数在观察期结束时在两个治疗组中均有明显改善（p > 0.001）。听力缺陷仅显示出改善的趋势。研究结束时，治疗组之间未发现差异。然而，在治疗7天后的中期检查中，使用EMS治疗的组效果更优。未观察到不良药物作用，尽管在使用赛洛唑啉治疗的组中，34例中有7例鼻腔喷雾剂使用不当。研究结果表明，2至6岁儿童单纯使用EMS溶液治疗与使用赛洛唑啉治疗在疗效上无差异，但区别在于使用EMS时使用时长不受限制，没有鼻减充血剂的潜在副作用，且新生儿和婴儿无禁忌证。
