Kamgang René, Mboumi Rostand Youmbi, N'dillé Gabriel Patrice R Mengue, Yonkeu Jeanne Ngogang
General Endocrinology and Metabolism Systems, Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 8127, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005 Sep;69(3):224-30. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2005.02.005.
It has been hypothesised that glucose intolerance or diabetes can be induced in rodents by a hypercaloric-fat diet or a hypercaloric-sucrose diet. This study was designed to examine the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD: carbohydrates 35-40% kcal, fat 50-55% kcal, protein 10-15% kcal) and a high-sucrose diet (HSD: carbohydrates 65-70% kcal, fat 25-30% kcal, protein 10-15% kcal) compared to a normal or standard diet (ND: carbohydrates 50-55% kcal, fat 15-20% kcal, protein 25-30% kcal) on fasting plasma glucose, glucose tolerance test, plasma triglycerides, plasma cholesterol, body weight, food and water consumption in male Wistar rats. After 4 months, weight gain, plasma triglycerides level, fasting plasma glucose and water intake were significantly elevated (p<0.05) in all test groups when compared to the control group. Total HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly elevated (p<0.05) in the HFD group, whereas the HDL level was significantly lower in the HSD group associated with an atherogenic index significantly elevated (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. After 16 weeks of dietary treatment, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed a significant increase in plasma glucose levels after 2-4 h of glucose challenge in all test groups. During the experiment, it was noticed that important weight gain observed in all dietary test groups was associated with a significant low (p<0.05) food consumption. The above results suggest that dietary nutrients contained in these hypercaloric diets might have an effect on insulin action and therefore, might contribute to the development of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. These results also suggest that, in addition to their diabetogenic effect, these hypercaloric diets might probably have an atherogenic effect and could be use in a long-term study to induce type 2 (non-insulino-dependant) diabetes mellitus.
据推测，高热量脂肪饮食或高热量蔗糖饮食可在啮齿动物中诱发葡萄糖不耐受或糖尿病。本研究旨在研究与正常或标准饮食（ND：碳水化合物50 - 55%千卡，脂肪15 - 20%千卡，蛋白质25 - 30%千卡）相比，高脂肪饮食（HFD：碳水化合物35 - 40%千卡，脂肪50 - 55%千卡，蛋白质10 - 15%千卡）和高蔗糖饮食（HSD：碳水化合物65 - 70%千卡，脂肪25 - 30%千卡，蛋白质10 - 15%千卡）对雄性Wistar大鼠空腹血糖、葡萄糖耐量试验、血浆甘油三酯、血浆胆固醇、体重、食物和水消耗的影响。4个月后，与对照组相比，所有试验组的体重增加、血浆甘油三酯水平、空腹血糖和水摄入量均显著升高（p<0.05）。HFD组的总HDL和LDL胆固醇水平显著升高（p<0.05），而HSD组的HDL水平显著降低，与对照组相比，其致动脉粥样硬化指数显著升高（p<0.05）。经过16周的饮食治疗，口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）显示，在所有试验组中，葡萄糖激发2 - 4小时后血浆葡萄糖水平显著升高。在实验过程中，注意到所有饮食试验组中观察到的显著体重增加与显著低（p<0.05）的食物消耗有关。上述结果表明，这些高热量饮食中所含的膳食营养素可能对胰岛素作用有影响，因此，可能有助于葡萄糖不耐受和2型糖尿病的发展。这些结果还表明，除了它们的致糖尿病作用外，这些高热量饮食可能还具有致动脉粥样硬化作用，可用于长期研究以诱发2型（非胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病。
