Dept. of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
J Physiol Biochem. 2009 Dec;65(4):387-95. doi: 10.1007/BF03185934.
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dietary macronutrient content on adiposity parameters and adipocyte hypertrophy/hyperplasia in subcutaneous and visceral fat depots from Wistar rats using combined histological and computational approaches. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were distributed into 4 groups and were assigned to different nutritional interventions: Control group (chow diet); high-fat group, HF (60% E from fat); high-fat-sucrose group, HFS (45% E from fat and 17% from sucrose); and high-sucrose group, HS (42% E from sucrose). At day 35, rats were sacrificed, blood was collected, tissues were weighed and fragments of different fat depots were kept for histological analyses with the new softwareAdiposoft. Rats fed with HF, HFS and HS diets increased significantly body weight and total body fat against Control rats, being metabolic impairments more pronounced on HS rats than in the other groups. Cellularity analyses usingAdiposoft revealed that retroperitoneal adipose tissue is histologically different than mesenteric and subcutaneous ones, in relation to bigger adipocytes. The subcutaneous fat pad was the most sensitive to the diet, presenting adipocyte hypertrophy induced by HF diet and adipocyte hyperplasia induced by HS diet. The mesenteric fat pad had a similar but attenuated response in comparison to the subcutaneous adipose tissue, while retroperitoneal fat pad only presented adipocyte hyperplasia induced by the HS diet intake after 35 days of intervention. These findings provide new insights into the role of macronutrients in the development of hyperplastic obesity, which is characterized by the severity of the clinical features. Finally, a new tool for analyzing histological adipose samples is presented.
本研究旨在通过组织学和计算方法研究饮食宏量营养素含量对 Wistar 大鼠皮下和内脏脂肪组织肥胖参数和脂肪细胞肥大/增生的作用。为此，将雄性 Wistar 大鼠分为 4 组，并进行不同的营养干预：对照组（常规饮食）；高脂肪组，HF（脂肪提供 60%能量）；高脂肪-蔗糖组，HFS（脂肪提供 45%能量，蔗糖提供 17%能量）；高蔗糖组，HS（蔗糖提供 42%能量）。第 35 天处死大鼠，采集血液，称取组织，保留不同脂肪组织的片段用于组织学分析，采用新软件 Adiposoft。与对照组相比，饲喂 HF、HFS 和 HS 饮食的大鼠体重和体脂显著增加，HS 大鼠的代谢损伤比其他组更为明显。使用 Adiposoft 进行细胞计数分析表明，与肠系膜和皮下脂肪相比，腹膜后脂肪在组织学上不同，表现为脂肪细胞更大。皮下脂肪垫对饮食最敏感，HF 饮食诱导脂肪细胞肥大，HS 饮食诱导脂肪细胞增生。与皮下脂肪组织相比，肠系膜脂肪垫的反应相似但较弱，而腹膜后脂肪垫仅在 35 天干预后才因 HS 饮食摄入而出现脂肪细胞增生。这些发现为宏量营养素在增生性肥胖发展中的作用提供了新的见解，增生性肥胖的特征是临床特征的严重程度。最后，提出了一种分析组织学脂肪样本的新工具。
