Parry Charles D H, Plüddemann Andreas, Donson Hilton, Sukhai Anesh, Marais Sandra, Lombard Carl
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg.
S Afr Med J. 2005 Jun;95(6):429-32.
To assess the extent of cannabis and other drug use among patients presenting with recent injuries at trauma units in Cape Town, Port Elizabeth and Durban from 1999 to 2001.
Cross-sectional surveys were conducted during a 4-week period at each of the above sites in 1999, 2000 and 2001. The concept of an idealised week was used to render representative samples.
Cause of injury and biological markers to assess use of cannabis, methaqualone (Mandrax), opiates, cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine.
Over half of all patients tested experienced violent injuries. Excluding opiates, across sites and over time between 33% and 62% of patients tested positive for at least one drug (N = 1565). In most cases the drugs were cannabis and/or methaqualone. While no inter-city differences were found, male patients were typically more likely to test positive for drugs in general and specific drugs such as cannabis and the cannabis/methaqualone ('white pipe') combination than female patients. Drug positivity was higher in 2001 than in the previous 2 years in Cape Town, and patients injured as a result of violence in Cape Town and Durban were more likely to test positive for drugs than patients with certain other types of injuries.
Drug use among trauma patients has remained consistently high for each of the 3 study periods. Efforts to combat the abuse of drugs such as cannabis and methaqualone would appear to be paramount in reducing the burden of injuries on health care services. The study has raised numerous issues requiring further research.
评估1999年至2001年期间在开普敦、伊丽莎白港和德班的创伤科因近期受伤前来就诊的患者中使用大麻及其他药物的情况。
1999年、2000年和2001年，在上述每个地点进行了为期4周的横断面调查。采用理想化周的概念来获取具有代表性的样本。
受伤原因以及用于评估大麻、甲喹酮（安眠酮）、阿片类药物、可卡因、苯丙胺和甲基苯丙胺使用情况的生物标志物。
所有接受检测的患者中，超过一半经历了暴力伤害。除阿片类药物外，在各个地点以及不同时间段，33%至62%的接受检测患者至少有一种药物检测呈阳性（N = 1565）。在大多数情况下，这些药物是大麻和/或甲喹酮。虽然未发现城市间的差异，但一般而言，男性患者比女性患者更有可能对药物以及特定药物（如大麻和大麻/甲喹酮组合，即“白管”）检测呈阳性。2001年开普敦的药物阳性率高于前两年，开普敦和德班因暴力受伤的患者比其他某些类型受伤的患者更有可能药物检测呈阳性。
在3个研究期间，创伤患者中的药物使用一直居高不下。打击大麻和甲喹酮等药物滥用的努力对于减轻医疗服务中的受伤负担似乎至关重要。该研究提出了许多需要进一步研究的问题。
