Flisher A J, Ziervogel C F, Chalton D O, Leger P H, Robertson B A
Centre for Epidemiological Research in Southern Africa, Parowvallei, CP.
S Afr Med J. 1993 Jul;83(7):483-5.
The prevalence of a wide range of risk-taking behaviour among high-school students in the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, was investigated. In this article, the results for drug use are presented. Cluster sampling techniques produced a sample of 7,340 students from 16 schools in the three major education departments. A self-administered questionnaire was completed in a normal school period. Estimates for each education department were weighted to produce an overall estimate. Cannabis was the illicit drug most widely used; 7.5% had smoked cannabis, and 2.4% had done so in the previous 7 days. A small subgroup (1.6%) of students had smoked cannabis and methaqualone (Mandrax) together. Reported lifetime use of injectable drugs was 0.5%, and 10.9% had sniffed solvents, 2.6% having done so in the previous 7 days. There were different trends according to gender, standard, and language(s) spoken at home. Of particular note was the small proportion of Xhosa-speaking females who were involved with drug use. The results suggest that the majority of drug use among school students is experimental. A small number of adolescents abuse drugs and are at risk for its associated problems; intervention is indicated for this group.
对南非开普半岛高中生中广泛存在的一系列冒险行为的流行情况进行了调查。本文展示了吸毒情况的调查结果。采用整群抽样技术，从三个主要教育部门的16所学校中抽取了7340名学生作为样本。在正常上课期间，学生们自行填写问卷。对每个教育部门的估计数据进行加权处理，以得出总体估计值。大麻是使用最为广泛的非法药物；7.5%的学生吸食过大麻，其中2.4%的学生在过去7天内有过吸食行为。一小部分学生（1.6%）同时吸食过大麻和甲喹酮（安眠酮）。报告称终生使用过注射毒品的学生比例为0.5%，10.9%的学生曾吸食溶剂，其中2.6%的学生在过去7天内有过此类行为。根据性别、年级和在家中所说的语言，呈现出不同的趋势。特别值得注意的是，讲科萨语的女性吸毒者比例较低。结果表明，大多数学生吸毒属于尝试性质。少数青少年滥用毒品，并面临相关问题的风险；针对这一群体需要进行干预。
