[西维因生产暴露对职业男性工人精子和精液质量的影响]

Tan Li-feng, Sun Xue-zhao, Li Yan-nan, Ji Jun-min, Wang Qian-li, Chen Long-sheng, Bian Qian, Wang Shou-lin

Center for Disease Control of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province 213003, China.

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;23(2):87-90.

OBJECTIVE

To analyse the male reproductive toxicity of carbaryl.

METHODS

Thirty-one male carbaryl exposure workers and 46 male administrators in the office in a pesticide factory were selected as the exposure group and internal control group respectively, and 22 male administrators in a center for disease control and prevention were served as the external control group. In order to evaluate the exposure levels, the concentrations of carbaryl, methyl isocyanate, ammonia and phenol in the ambient air of the work place in these three groups were monitored simultaneously for three consecutive days. Moreover, three workers in the exposure group and the external control group were selected to evaluate the amount of carbaryl of individual and dermal contamination for three consecutive days. After the semen were collected according to the standard method, the workers'semen qualities were analysed with WHO method, the sperm morphology and the sperm motility were evaluated using micro-cell slide spectrum technology and computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) respectively.

RESULTS

In the exposure group, the concentrations of carbaryl and phenol (52.41 mg/m(3) and 0.08 mg/m(3) respectively) were significantly higher than those in the internal and external control group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Furthermore, in the carbaryl exposure area the geometric mean concentration of carbaryl with the individual sampling was 7.38 mg/m(3), and the geometric mean of dermal contamination detected in the carbaryl exposure area was 862.47 mg/m(2). Carbaryl was not found in the external control area (P < 0.01). The seminal volume [(2.39 +/- 1.44) ml] and the sperm motility [(1.77 +/- 0.61) grade] were significantly lower than those in the external control group (P < 0.05), and sperm motion parameters such as linearity (LIN, 39.89% +/- 6.00%), straightness (STR, 71.51% +/- 11.22%), straight line velocity [VSL, (26.29 +/- 7.84) microm/s] and beat cross frequency [BCF, (3.99 +/- 1.55) Hz] were lower than those in the internal and external control group (P < 0.05), while the abnormal rates of viscidity, sperm motility and total aberration rate were higher than those in the external control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Occupational exposure to carbaryl production can affect the workers'sperm and semen quality to certain extent.

目的

分析西维因的男性生殖毒性。

方法

选取某农药厂31名接触西维因的男性工人和46名办公室男性管理人员分别作为暴露组和内部对照组，选取某疾病预防控制中心22名男性管理人员作为外部对照组。为评估暴露水平，连续三天同时监测这三组工作场所环境空气中西维因、异氰酸甲酯、氨和苯酚的浓度。此外，从暴露组和外部对照组中各选取3名工人，连续三天评估个体西维因摄入量和皮肤沾染量。按照标准方法采集精液后，采用WHO方法分析工人精液质量，分别使用微孔载玻片光谱技术和计算机辅助精子分析（CASA）评估精子形态和精子活力。

结果

暴露组中西维因和苯酚浓度（分别为52.41 mg/m³和0.08 mg/m³）显著高于内部和外部对照组（P < 0.01或P < 0.05）。此外，在西维因暴露区域，个体采样中西维因的几何平均浓度为7.38 mg/m³，西维因暴露区域检测到的皮肤沾染几何平均值为862.47 mg/m²。外部对照区域未检测到西维因（P < 0.01）。精液体积[（2.39 ± 1.44）ml]和精子活力[（1.77 ± 0.61）级]显著低于外部对照组（P < 0.05），精子运动参数如直线性（LIN，39.89% ± 6.00%）、直线度（STR，71.51% ± 11.22%）、直线速度[VSL，（26.29 ± 7.84）μm/s]和鞭打交叉频率[BCF，（3.99 ± 1.55）Hz]低于内部和外部对照组（P < 0.05），而黏稠度、精子活力异常率和总畸变率高于外部对照组（P < 0.05）。