职业暴露后铅对人类精子产生影响的机制。

Mechanism of lead induced effects on human spermatozoa after occupational exposure.

作者信息

Naha N, Manna B

机构信息

The Oxford College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, India.

出版信息

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2007 Jan-Mar;5(1):85-94.

PMID:18603992

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Occupational lead exposure caused several types of male reproductive impairments in different working populations. In the present study we examined the paint factory workers of active reproductive age and compared the data with the non-occupationally exposed desk job holders taken as control from Bangalore, India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In the above perspective, sperm cell morphology, morphometery and motile activity were assessed. Routine seminal biochemistry, cell cycle phase analysis of sperm head DNA, estimation of serum reproductive hormones and metal levels in blood and semen were also taken into account.

RESULT

Low sperm velocity, ATPase activity, gross and forward progressive motility with high stationary motile spermatozoa revealed lowering of cellular activity after lead exposure (p<0.001), which was supported by high seminal plasma fructose level (p<0.001). Lowering of seminal plasma total protein with concomitant rise in free amino acid level was prevalent as the exposure increased (p<0.001), suggesting disturbance in cellular nutritional support essential for cellular motility. Prolonged liquefaction time, reduced semen volume and viscosity as well as altered seminal plasma protein, fructose and cholesterol level among the workers indicated dysfunction of accessory sex glands viz. prostate and seminal vesicle after occupational lead exposure (p<0.001). Deterioration of sperm count, structural abnormality of spermatozoa and sperm head DNA hyploidy was also associated with high blood and semen lead levels in the paint factory workers (p<0.001) without interfering serum FSH, LH and testosterone level (non-significant at p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Therefore, the present study suggested that at the present exposure level lead might cross blood-testis-barrier and increased its value in semen of the occupationally exposed paint factory workers in Bangalore, India, thereby producing detrimental effects on semen quality and sperm characteristics.

摘要

目的

职业性铅暴露在不同工作人群中导致了几种类型的男性生殖功能损害。在本研究中，我们对处于生殖活跃期的油漆厂工人进行了检查，并将数据与从印度班加罗尔选取的作为对照的非职业性暴露的办公室职员的数据进行了比较。

材料与方法

从上述角度出发，评估了精子细胞形态、形态测量和运动活性。还考虑了常规精液生化、精子头部DNA的细胞周期阶段分析、血清生殖激素的测定以及血液和精液中的金属水平。

结果

精子速度、ATP酶活性、总活力和前向运动活力降低，静止不动的精子比例升高，表明铅暴露后细胞活性降低（p<0.001），这得到了高精液血浆果糖水平的支持（p<0.001）。随着暴露增加，精液血浆总蛋白降低，游离氨基酸水平随之升高的情况普遍存在（p<0.001），这表明对细胞运动至关重要的细胞营养支持受到了干扰。工人中液化时间延长、精液体积和粘度降低以及精液血浆蛋白、果糖和胆固醇水平改变，表明附属性腺即前列腺和精囊在职业性铅暴露后功能障碍（p<0.001）。油漆厂工人的精子数量减少、精子结构异常和精子头部DNA单倍体也与血液和精液中高铅水平相关（p<0.001），但未干扰血清促卵泡激素、促黄体生成素和睾酮水平（p<0.05时无统计学意义）。