Chisenga Molly, Kasonka Lackson, Makasa Mpundu, Sinkala Moses, Chintu Chifumbe, Kaseba Christine, Kasolo Francis, Tomkins Andrew, Murray Susan, Filteau Suzanne
J Hum Lact. 2005 Aug;21(3):266-75. doi: 10.1177/0890334405279251.
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is optimal for infant health and is associated with decreased risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission compared with mixed feeding of breast milk and other foods. To investigate why many women stop EBF before the recommended 6 months, maternal and infant health and infant-feeding data were collected from 177 HIV-infected and 177-uninfected Zambian women regularly from 34 weeks gestation to 16 weeks postpartum. Despite strong support for good breastfeeding practice, only 37% of women were still EBF at week 16. Factors significantly associated with shorter duration of EBF were primiparity, maternal systemic illness, and infant length at 6 weeks. The results suggest that the association of EBF with lower rates of mother-to-child HIV transmission may not be causal but may be secondary to the reduced duration of EBF associated with poor maternal or infant health. Programs supporting EBF should include support for maternal health.
纯母乳喂养对婴儿健康最为有益，与母乳和其他食物混合喂养相比，其可降低母婴传播艾滋病毒的风险。为调查为何许多女性在建议的6个月前就停止纯母乳喂养，从177名感染艾滋病毒的赞比亚妇女和177名未感染艾滋病毒的赞比亚妇女那里定期收集了从妊娠34周直至产后16周的母婴健康及婴儿喂养数据。尽管大力支持良好的母乳喂养做法，但在第16周时仍只有37%的妇女进行纯母乳喂养。与纯母乳喂养持续时间较短显著相关的因素包括初产、母亲全身性疾病以及婴儿6周时的身长。结果表明，纯母乳喂养与较低的母婴传播艾滋病毒率之间的关联可能并非因果关系，而可能是由于与母婴健康状况不佳相关的纯母乳喂养持续时间缩短所致。支持纯母乳喂养的项目应包括对孕产妇健康的支持。
