Numerical classification and identification of Streptomyces species--a review.

Evidence is presented to show that numerical taxonomy is of proven value both for the circumscription and identification of Streptomyces species. In addition, 252 representatives of numerically defined species and species-groups of this taxon were examined for 273 unit characters and the resultant data analysed using conventional statistics. Clustering was only marginally affected by the proximity coefficients used or by test error, estimated at 3.37%. The numerical classification obtained confirmed and extended the results of previous taxometric surveys, notably by showing that the Streptomyces albidoflavus species-group encompassed taxospecies corresponding to S. albidoflavus, Streptomyces anulatus and Streptomyces halstedii. Rapid enzyme tests based upon the fluorophores, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin and 4-methylumbelliferone, provide useful data for streptomycete systematics. It can be concluded that the genus Streptomyces is currently well circumscribed and underspeciated.