Picchietti Daniel, Winkelman John W
Sleep Disorders Center, Carle Clinic Association and University of Illinois School of Medicine, 602 W. University Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Sleep. 2005 Jul;28(7):891-8.
To review the literature on restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements in sleep, and depression.
Literature review. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: N/A.
We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature searching for publications that included data on depression or antidepressants and RLS or periodic limb movements in sleep. Sixty-two relevant literature references were found and reviewed. Four population-based studies and 9 clinical studies reported significantly higher rates of depression symptoms in individuals with RLS than in controls. Conversely, the prevalence of RLS in patients presenting with depression was reported as elevated in 2 studies. Conflicting data were found regarding the effect of antidepressants on the sensory symptoms of RLS. In contrast, several studies have found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant use is associated with increased periodic limb movements in sleep.
Depression symptoms are common in adults with RLS. However, the relationship appears complex, with overlap between RLS- and depression-related symptoms confounding the issue. Given what is known at this time, we propose a specific treatment approach to patients with RLS and depression symptoms.
回顾关于不宁腿综合征（RLS）、睡眠期周期性肢体运动以及抑郁症的文献。
文献综述。研究地点、参与者及干预措施：无。
我们对文献进行了全面回顾，查找包含抑郁症或抗抑郁药以及RLS或睡眠期周期性肢体运动数据的出版物。共找到并回顾了62篇相关文献。四项基于人群的研究和九项临床研究报告称，RLS患者的抑郁症状发生率显著高于对照组。相反，两项研究报告称，抑郁症患者中RLS的患病率有所升高。关于抗抑郁药对RLS感觉症状的影响，研究结果相互矛盾。相比之下，多项研究发现，使用选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂类抗抑郁药与睡眠期周期性肢体运动增加有关。
抑郁症状在患有RLS的成年人中很常见。然而，这种关系似乎很复杂，RLS相关症状和抑郁相关症状的重叠使问题变得混淆不清。鉴于目前已知的情况，我们为患有RLS和抑郁症状的患者提出了一种具体的治疗方法。
