Yılbaş Barış, Öztürk Halil İbrahim
Department of Psychiatry, SANKO University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2022 Jun 1;32(2):125-133. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2022.21307. eCollection 2022 Jun.
The current study primarily aimed to investigate whether the prevalence of restless legs syndrome differs in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder or anxiety disorder without antidepressant use compared to control group. Secondly, the study sought to examine whether there was a difference in restless legs syndrome prevalence among patients on antidepressant treatment compared to control subjects.
Five hundred patients who were diagnosed with anxiety disorder or major depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)-5 criteria without a history of antidepressant treatment were included in the study (group 1). Group 2 consisted of 500 patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder or major depressive disorder and on antidepressant treatment who were identified as being in complete or partial remission via psychiatric interview based on DSM-5 criteria. Five hundred age- and sex-matched subjects without any mental illness were included in control group (Group 3).
Among all participants, restless legs syndrome was diagnosed in 101 (6.73%) individuals. There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking status, marital status, and education level between those with or without a diagnosis of restless legs syndrome ( = .209, = .519, = .227, = .508, = .676, respectively). Restless legs syndrome was diagnosed in 65/500 (13.0%) group 1 patients, 16/500 (3.2%) group 2 patients, and 20/500 (4.0%) control subjects, with a significant difference among the groups ( < .001). The prevalence of RLS diagnosis did not significantly differ among patients receiving different antidepressant drugs ( = .965).
Antidepressant use was not found to be a risk factor for restless legs syndrome. Our study presents important data on the close association of anxiety disorder, especially major depressive disorder with restless legs syndrome.
本研究的主要目的是调查与对照组相比，未使用抗抑郁药的重度抑郁症或焦虑症患者中不安腿综合征的患病率是否存在差异。其次，该研究试图检验与对照组相比，接受抗抑郁治疗的患者中不安腿综合征患病率是否存在差异。
本研究纳入了500例根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）-5标准诊断为焦虑症或重度抑郁症且无抗抑郁治疗史的患者（第1组）。第2组由500例诊断为焦虑症或重度抑郁症且正在接受抗抑郁治疗的患者组成，这些患者通过基于DSM-5标准的精神科访谈被确定为完全或部分缓解。对照组（第3组）纳入了500名年龄和性别匹配且无任何精神疾病的受试者。
在所有参与者中，101人（6.73%）被诊断为不安腿综合征。有无不安腿综合征诊断的患者在年龄、性别、吸烟状况、婚姻状况和教育水平方面无显著差异（分别为P = 0.209、P = 0.519、P = 0.227、P = 0.508、P = 0.676）。第1组500例患者中有65例（13.0%）被诊断为不安腿综合征，第2组500例患者中有16例（3.2%），对照组500例受试者中有20例（4.0%），组间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。接受不同抗抑郁药物治疗的患者中不安腿综合征的诊断患病率无显著差异（P = 0.965）。
未发现使用抗抑郁药是不安腿综合征的危险因素。我们的研究提供了关于焦虑症，尤其是重度抑郁症与不安腿综合征密切关联的重要数据。
