Park Chang G, Shin Chol
Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Blood Press. 2005;14(4):210-6. doi: 10.1080/08037050510034248.
There is little data on the relationships between hypertension and snoring in Asians, whose anthropometrics and prevalence of diseases are different from Western populations. This study evaluated the prevalence and the factors associated with snoring in an adult Korean population (18 years).
The questions on snoring were divided into five Likert scales ["never" to "severe"(everyday)]. Subjects were divided into two mutually exclusive groups: moderate and severe groups of snorers considered habitual snorers, and never, sometimes and mild snorers considered the non-snoring group. We classified the severity of hypertension according to JNC 6. Independent variables included demographic and baseline characteristics, hypertension, anthropometrics, current medical history, medications and substance use.
Overall prevalence of habitual snoring is 15.58% in males and 8.40% in females. The mean age, body mass index (BMI), both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and anthropometric data, including neck, chest and abdominal girth, were significantly associated with the snoring group in both men and women. Neck length was only significantly shorter in females, not in males. Alcohol consumption rate was significantly higher in the snoring group of the men, but was lower in the snoring group in women. Smoking did not show any significant relationship with snoring and non-snoring groups in both genders. Snoring was significantly higher in the menopause group (odds ratio 2.8) than the premenopausal group. Fifty per cent in the snoring group and 33.08% in the non-snoring group were diagnosed as having hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the snoring group aged<40 years and was weakly significant in those subjects aged between 40 and 60 years in males. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the snoring group in those both aged<40 years and those aged between 40 and 60 years in females. Those aged>60 years old in both genders showed no significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension between snorers and non-snorers. The relationship between hypertension and snoring after adjustments for age, BMI, age, smoke and alcohol usage showed a dose-response relationship in both genders.
This study showed the dose-response relationship between hypertension and snoring, even after adjustments for age, BMI, age, smoke and alcohol usage. Snoring significantly increased after menopause in women. Snoring had a significant relationship with neck length in females but not in males. There is a dose-response relationship between snoring and hypertension in both genders in those subjects aged<60 years old.
在亚洲人群中，关于高血压与打鼾之间关系的数据较少，因为亚洲人的人体测量学特征和疾病患病率与西方人群不同。本研究评估了成年韩国人群（18岁及以上）中打鼾的患病率及其相关因素。
关于打鼾的问题分为五个李克特量表（从“从不”到“严重”（每天））。受试者被分为两个相互排斥的组：中度和重度打鼾者被视为习惯性打鼾者，从不、有时和轻度打鼾者被视为非打鼾组。我们根据美国国家联合委员会第6版（JNC 6）对高血压的严重程度进行分类。自变量包括人口统计学和基线特征、高血压、人体测量学、当前病史、药物治疗和物质使用情况。
习惯性打鼾的总体患病率在男性中为15.58%，在女性中为8.40%。男性和女性的平均年龄、体重指数（BMI）、收缩压和舒张压以及包括颈部、胸部和腹部周长在内的人体测量数据，均与打鼾组显著相关。仅女性的颈部长度明显较短，男性则不然。男性打鼾组的饮酒率显著较高，但女性打鼾组的饮酒率较低。吸烟在男女的打鼾组和非打鼾组中均未显示出任何显著关系。绝经组的打鼾率（优势比2.8）显著高于绝经前组。打鼾组中有50%被诊断患有高血压，非打鼾组中有33.08%被诊断患有高血压。年龄<40岁的男性打鼾组中高血压患病率显著较高，40至60岁的男性打鼾组中高血压患病率有微弱的显著性。年龄<40岁和40至60岁的女性打鼾组中高血压患病率均显著较高。60岁以上的男女在打鼾者和非打鼾者之间的高血压患病率无显著差异。在对年龄、BMI、吸烟和饮酒使用情况进行调整后，高血压与打鼾之间的关系在男女中均呈现剂量反应关系。
本研究表明，即使在对年龄、BMI、吸烟和饮酒使用情况进行调整后，高血压与打鼾之间仍存在剂量反应关系。女性绝经后打鼾显著增加。打鼾与女性的颈部长度显著相关，但与男性无关。在年龄<60岁的人群中，男女打鼾与高血压之间均存在剂量反应关系。
