Nisbett Richard E, Miyamoto Yuri
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2005 Oct;9(10):467-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.004.
There is recent evidence that perceptual processes are influenced by culture. Westerners tend to engage in context-independent and analytic perceptual processes by focusing on a salient object independently of its context, whereas Asians tend to engage in context-dependent and holistic perceptual processes by attending to the relationship between the object and the context in which the object is located. Recent research has explored mechanisms underlying such cultural differences, which indicate that participating in different social practices leads to both chronic as well as temporary shifts in perception. These findings establish a dynamic relationship between the cultural context and perceptual processes. We suggest that perception can no longer be regarded as consisting of processes that are universal across all people at all times.
最近有证据表明，感知过程会受到文化的影响。西方人倾向于通过独立于背景关注突出物体来进行与背景无关的分析性感知过程，而亚洲人则倾向于通过关注物体与其所处背景之间的关系来进行与背景相关的整体性感知过程。最近的研究探讨了这种文化差异背后的机制，这些机制表明参与不同的社会实践会导致感知的长期以及暂时转变。这些发现建立了文化背景与感知过程之间的动态关系。我们认为，感知不能再被视为由在任何时候对所有人来说都是普遍适用的过程所组成。
