Monane M
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Mass.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;53 Suppl:23-8.
Insomnia is common in the elderly population. Difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep affects nearly half of all patients over the age of 65, representing an increased prevalence in older versus younger patients. Nocturnal sleep time is decreased, frequent awakenings occur, and daytime napping is common. Age-related changes in sleep physiology correlate with the subjective complaints of disturbed sleep. Multiple etiologies for insomnia in the elderly have been described. Management strategies must include attention to both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic aspects of care, especially with respect to the altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics associated with advanced age. Reassessing therapy is essential to promote the end goal of improvement of the elderly patient's quality of life.
失眠在老年人群中很常见。入睡困难和维持睡眠困难影响了近一半的65岁以上患者，与年轻患者相比，老年患者的患病率有所增加。夜间睡眠时间减少，频繁觉醒，白天打盹很常见。睡眠生理的年龄相关变化与睡眠障碍的主观主诉相关。已描述了老年人失眠的多种病因。管理策略必须包括关注护理的非药物和药物方面，特别是考虑到与高龄相关的药代动力学和药效学改变。重新评估治疗对于实现改善老年患者生活质量的最终目标至关重要。
