Smith Dylan M, Langa Kenneth M, Kabeto Mohammed U, Ubel Peter A
VA Health Services Research & Development Center of Excellence, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2005 Sep;16(9):663-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01592.x.
We examined the hypothesis that the relationship between financial status and subjective well-being, typically found to be very small in cross-sectional studies, is moderated by health status. Specifically, we predicted that wealth would buffer well-being after the onset of a disability. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study of people at and approaching retirement age, we employed within-subjects analyses to test whether wealth measured prior to the onset of a disability protected participants' well-being from some of the negative effects of a new disability. We found support for this hypothesis: Participants who were above the median in total net worth reported a much smaller decline in well-being after a new disability than did participants who were below the median. We also found some evidence that the buffering effect of wealth faded with time, as below-median participants recovered some of their well-being.
在横断面研究中通常发现财务状况与主观幸福感之间的关系非常小，而这种关系会受到健康状况的调节。具体而言，我们预测在残疾发生后，财富会缓冲幸福感。利用健康与退休研究的数据（一项针对退休年龄及临近退休年龄人群的纵向研究），我们采用了个体内部分析方法，以检验在残疾发生之前所衡量的财富是否能保护参与者的幸福感免受新残疾带来的一些负面影响。我们发现这一假设得到了支持：在新残疾发生后，总净资产高于中位数的参与者报告的幸福感下降幅度远小于低于中位数的参与者。我们还发现了一些证据表明，随着时间的推移，财富的缓冲效应逐渐减弱，因为低于中位数的参与者恢复了一些幸福感。
