Taplin Craig E, Craig Maria E, Lloyd Margaret, Taylor Claire, Crock Patricia, Silink Martin, Howard Neville J
Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2005 Sep 5;183(5):243-6.
To determine the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in New South Wales from 1997 to 2002; to compare with previously published rates (1990-1996); and to analyse trends in incidence from 1990 to 2002.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective population-based incidence study. Primary ascertainment of incident cases aged < 15 years was from the Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group NSW children's diabetes register. Secondary ascertainment was from the National Diabetes Supply Scheme until 1999 and from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare thereafter. Childhood population data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Age-standardised incidence; trends in incidence by calendar year, and sex and age at diagnosis.
There were 3260 incident cases (1629 boys, 1631 girls) in the 13 years. Case ascertainment was 99.7% complete using the capture-recapture method. Mean age-standardised incidence per 100 000 person-years was 20.9 (95% CI, 19.9 to 21.9) from 1997 to 2002 compared with 17.8 (95% CI, 17.0 to 18.7) from 1990 to 1996; there was a plateau in incidence between 1997 and 2002. Overall, the incidence increased on average by 2.8% per year (95% CI, 1.9% to 3.8%, P < 0.001) and increased with age, being 12.2 (95% CI, 11.3 to 13.1) in 0-4 year olds; 18.9 (95% CI, 17.8 to 20.0) in 5-9 year olds and 26.7 (95% CI, 25.4 to 28.1) in 10-14 year olds. The increase per year in 0-4 year olds (3.9%) was not significantly higher than in older children. The mean incidence of T1DM was 19.8 (95% CI, 18.8 to 20.7) in girls and 18.8 (95% CI, 17.9 to 19.7) in boys (P = 0.02).
The incidence of childhood-onset T1DM has increased significantly in all age groups in NSW since 1990. Resource planning in the management of childhood diabetes in NSW should take these findings into account.
确定1997年至2002年新南威尔士州儿童1型糖尿病（T1DM）的发病率；与先前公布的发病率（1990 - 1996年）进行比较；并分析1990年至2002年的发病率趋势。
设计、地点和参与者：基于人群的前瞻性发病率研究。年龄小于15岁的新发病例主要通过澳大利亚儿科内分泌组新南威尔士州儿童糖尿病登记处确定。次要确定来源在1999年前为国家糖尿病供应计划，之后为澳大利亚卫生与福利研究所。儿童人口数据来自澳大利亚统计局。
年龄标准化发病率；按日历年、诊断时的性别和年龄划分的发病率趋势。
13年间共有3260例新发病例（1629名男孩，1631名女孩）。采用捕获 - 再捕获法，病例确定的完整性为99.7%。1997年至2002年每10万人年的平均年龄标准化发病率为20.9（95%可信区间，19.9至21.9），而1990年至1996年为17.8（95%可信区间，17.0至18.7）；1997年至2002年发病率呈平稳状态。总体而言，发病率平均每年增加2.8%（95%可信区间，1.9%至3.8%，P < 0.001），且随年龄增长而增加，0至4岁儿童为12.2（95%可信区间，11.3至13.1）；5至9岁儿童为18.9（95%可信区间，17.8至20.0）；10至14岁儿童为26.7（95%可信区间，25.4至28.1）。0至4岁儿童每年的发病率增加（3.9%）并不显著高于年龄较大的儿童。女孩T1DM的平均发病率为19.8（95%可信区间，18.8至20.7），男孩为18.8（95%可信区间，17.9至19.7）（P = 0.02）。
自1990年以来，新南威尔士州所有年龄组儿童期发病的T1DM发病率均显著增加。新南威尔士州儿童糖尿病管理的资源规划应考虑这些发现。
