Goldstein Risë B, Johnson Mallory O, Rotheram-Borus Mary Jane, Kirshenbaum Sheri B, Pinto Rogério M, Kittel Lauren, Pequegnat Willo, Mickalian Joanne D, Weinhardt Lance S, Kelly Jeffrey A, Lightfoot Marguerita
Center for Community Health, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, USA.
J Am Board Fam Pract. 2005 Sep-Oct;18(5):362-73. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.18.5.362.
Being a parent, especially a custodial parent, living with HIV was anticipated to increase psychological distress and challenges to self-care.
Mental health symptoms, substance use, and health care utilization were assessed among 3818 HIV-infected adults, including custodial parents, noncustodial parents, and nonparents, in 4 AIDS epicenters.
Custodial parents demonstrated significantly poorer medication adherence and attendance at medical appointments but were similar to nonparents and noncustodial parents in mental health symptoms and treatment utilization for mental health and substance use problems. Noncustodial parents demonstrated the highest levels of recent substance use and substance abuse treatment. Other markers of risk, such as African American ethnicity, lack of current employment income, and injection drug use moderated many of the apparent psychosocial disadvantages exhibited by parents.
Interventions specific to the psychosocial stressors facing families living with HIV are needed.
为人父母，尤其是抚养孩子的家长，感染艾滋病毒后预计会增加心理压力和自我护理方面的挑战。
在4个艾滋病高发地区，对3818名感染艾滋病毒的成年人进行了心理健康症状、物质使用情况和医疗保健利用情况的评估，这些成年人包括抚养孩子的家长、非抚养孩子的家长和非家长。
抚养孩子的家长在药物依从性和就诊出勤率方面明显较差，但在心理健康症状以及心理健康和物质使用问题的治疗利用方面，与非家长和非抚养孩子的家长相似。非抚养孩子的家长近期物质使用和药物滥用治疗水平最高。其他风险指标，如非裔美国人种族、目前缺乏就业收入以及注射吸毒，缓和了家长们表现出的许多明显的社会心理劣势。
需要针对感染艾滋病毒家庭面临的社会心理压力源制定具体干预措施。
