Pilowsky Daniel J, Zybert Patricia A, Hsieh Pei-Wen, Vlahov David, Susser Ezra
Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003 Aug;42(8):950-6. doi: 10.1097/01.CHI.0000046888.27264.17.
Associations between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status of injection drug users (IDUs) and their children's psychopathology and social functioning were examined.
Parents (N = 61) were drawn from an ongoing longitudinal study of inner city, primarily African-American IDUs. Children (N = 79) were 6 to 11 years of age, currently living with the IDU parent. Parental variables included HIV status, apparent and inapparent HIV infection (with HIV-related medical symptoms and/or disclosure of parental HIV status to children; with neither medical symptoms nor disclosure, respectively), presence of HIV-related medical symptoms, HIV disclosure status to each child, and depression as ascertained by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression. Children's outcomes (competencies, psychiatric symptoms, and disorders) were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children.
Children of IDU parents exhibited high rates of psychopathology. Parental HIV infection per se had no discernible impact on children's outcomes. The apparent HIV infection of a parent was associated with an eightfold increase (odds ratio 7.80; 95% confidence interval 1.56-39.09) in the prevalence of disruptive behavior disorders (compared with children of HIV-negative parents). Parental depression was associated with a threefold increase in the prevalence of children's disruptive behavior disorders (odds ratio 3.49, 95% confidence interval 1.11-11.04).
Parental HIV status per se does not seem to have a differential impact on the affected children. The apparent HIV infection of a parent may be associated with children's externalizing symptoms and disorders.
研究注射吸毒者（IDU）的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染状况与其子女心理病理学及社会功能之间的关联。
选取了61名父母，他们来自一项正在进行的针对市中心主要为非裔美国注射吸毒者的纵向研究。79名儿童年龄在6至11岁之间，目前与注射吸毒的父母生活在一起。父母的变量包括HIV感染状况、显性和隐性HIV感染（分别伴有与HIV相关的医学症状和/或向子女披露父母的HIV感染状况；既无医学症状也未披露）、与HIV相关的医学症状的存在情况、向每个孩子披露HIV感染状况的情况，以及通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表确定的抑郁情况。使用儿童行为检查表和学龄儿童情感障碍与精神分裂症量表对儿童的结果（能力、精神症状和障碍）进行评估。
注射吸毒者父母的子女表现出较高的心理病理学发生率。父母感染HIV本身对孩子的结果没有明显影响。父母的显性HIV感染与破坏性行为障碍患病率增加八倍相关（优势比7.80；95%置信区间1.56 - 39.09）（与HIV阴性父母的子女相比）。父母抑郁与儿童破坏性行为障碍患病率增加三倍相关（优势比3.49，95%置信区间1.11 - 11.04）。
父母的HIV感染状况本身似乎对受影响的儿童没有差异影响。父母的显性HIV感染可能与儿童的外化症状和障碍有关。
