Mariño Rodrigo, Stuart Geoffrey W
Cooperative Research Centre for Oral Health, School of Dental Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Med Educ. 2005 Sep;39(9):895-903. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02244.x.
To explore the factorial composition of an instrument developed to assess value orientations in tertiary students, the Tertiary Student Values Scale (TSVS), using data from culturally diverse undergraduate dental students.
A 68-item questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire included 15 3-item subscales developed in a manner consistent with the Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck value orientation model. The psychometric properties were evaluated using a sample of students from 4 Australian dental schools. The questionnaire was administered to 364 students aged 18-50 years, mean age 21.3 years (SD 3.45 years), using a convenience sampling method. Scores on the 45 items were factor analysed using the maximum-likelihood estimation method for factor extraction with oblique rotation (oblimin). Internal consistency was examined on all of the 3-item subscales, using Cronbach's alpha.
The analysis indicates that the TSVS reflects the hypothesised 15-dimension construct of value orientation. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the identified 15 factors were independent of one another and were sufficiently reliable for group comparisons. With 1 exception, all subscales yielded a Cronbach's alpha > or = 0.55, the exception being 1 subscale with alpha = 0.40 (range 0.40-0.80).
Results indicated that value orientation is a complex construct, but that it is quantifiable along multiple dimensions in a psychometrically valid manner. Further refinement of this instrument would increase its value as a tool for policy makers designing educational programmes and services for culturally diverse student groups.
利用来自文化背景多样的本科牙科学生的数据，探讨为评估大学生价值取向而开发的一种工具——大学生价值观量表（TSVS）的因子构成。
使用一份包含68个条目的问卷收集数据。该问卷包括15个由3个条目组成的分量表，其编制方式与克拉克洪和施特德贝克价值取向模型一致。采用来自4所澳大利亚牙科学校的学生样本对该问卷的心理测量特性进行评估。使用便利抽样方法，对364名年龄在18 - 50岁之间、平均年龄21.3岁（标准差3.45岁）的学生进行问卷调查。对45个条目的得分采用极大似然估计法进行因子提取，并采用斜交旋转（oblimin）进行因子分析。使用克朗巴赫α系数对所有由3个条目组成的分量表进行内部一致性检验。
分析表明，TSVS反映了假设的15维度价值取向结构。此外，分析还表明，所确定的15个因子相互独立，并且对于组间比较具有足够的可靠性。除1个分量表外，所有分量表的克朗巴赫α系数均≥0.55，该例外分量表的α系数为0.40（范围为0.40 - 0.80）。
结果表明，价值取向是一个复杂的结构，但可以通过心理测量学上有效的方式沿多个维度进行量化。对该工具的进一步完善将增加其作为政策制定者为文化背景多样的学生群体设计教育项目和服务的工具的价值。
