Payne R L, Southern L L
Department of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
Poult Sci. 2005 Aug;84(8):1268-76. doi: 10.1093/ps/84.8.1268.
Three experiments (EXP) were conducted with commercial broilers to develop a low-Se diet for comparing plasma glutathione peroxidase (pGPX3) concentrations and then to compare pGPX3 and plasma and tissue Se concentrations in broilers fed this low-Se diet after being supplemented with sodium selenite (SS) or Se-enriched yeast (SY). With the exception of Se, all diets were nutritionally adequate. The EXP lasted from 0 to 20 or 22 d posthatching, and treatments were replicated with 6 to 8 pens of 6 to 15 chicks per pen. The results of EXP 1 and 2 indicated that a cornstarch-dextrose diet containing 10% torula yeast and 31% soybean meal (SBM) resulted in similar gain as a corn-SBM (C-SBM) diet, but the cornstarch-dextrose-torula yeast-SBM diet with no added Se reduced pGPX3 activity 6-fold. In EXP 3, the treatments were a C-SBM diet with 0 or 0.30 ppm added Se from SS or SY. These diets were fed from 0 to 10 d posthatching. Beginning on d 10, all broilers were fed the cornstarch-dextrose-torula yeast-SBM, low-Se diet. On d 10, 13, 16, 19, and 22, three broilers per replicate were randomly selected for plasma and tissue collection. Treatment differences were significant at P < 0.05. Daily gain, daily feed intake, and gain:feed were not affected by diet during the 0-to-10-d or 0-to-22-d periods. Plasma GPX3 activity and plasma, liver, and breast Se concentrations were greater in broilers previously fed the diets with added Se, regardless of source, than in those fed the C-SBM diet, except for liver Se concentration on d 19 of broilers previously fed the SS diet. The pGPX3 concentrations were not different in broilers previously fed either Se diet on d 10 and 13 but were greater in broilers previously fed the SY diet on d 16, 19, and 22. Plasma Se concentrations were not different in broilers previously fed diets with SS or SY on d 10 and 22 but were greater in broilers previously fed the SY diet on d 13, 16, and 19. Breast Se concentrations were greater in broilers previously fed the SY diet than in those fed the SS diet on each day. Liver Se concentrations were not different in broilers previously fed SS or SY diets on d 19 and 22 but were greater in those previously fed the SY diet on d 10, 13, and 16. These results indicated that SY supplementation in broiler diets resulted in greater tissue Se concentrations than SS and that pGPX3 and tissue Se concentrations remained greater in birds previously fed a diet with SY than in those fed SS after being fed a low-Se diet.
进行了三项试验(EXP),以研究商业肉鸡低硒日粮,比较血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(pGPX3)浓度,之后比较饲喂该低硒日粮的肉鸡在补充亚硒酸钠(SS)或富硒酵母(SY)后pGPX3、血浆和组织硒浓度。除硒外,所有日粮营养均充足。试验从孵化后0至20或22天,每个处理重复6至8栏,每栏6至15只雏鸡。试验1和2结果表明,含10%圆酵母和31%豆粕(SBM)的玉米淀粉 - 葡萄糖日粮与玉米 - 豆粕(C - SBM)日粮增重相似,但未添加硒的玉米淀粉 - 葡萄糖 - 圆酵母 - SBM日粮使pGPX3活性降低了6倍。试验3中,处理为添加0或0.30 ppm来自SS或SY的硒的C - SBM日粮。这些日粮从孵化后第零天喂至第10天。从第10天开始,所有肉鸡饲喂玉米淀粉 - 葡萄糖 - 圆酵母 - SBM低硒日粮。在第10、13、16、19和22天,每个重复随机选取三只肉鸡采集血浆和组织样本。处理间差异在P < 0.05时显著。在0至10天或0至22天期间,日增重、日采食量和料重比不受日粮影响。无论硒源如何,先前饲喂添加硒日粮的肉鸡血浆GPX3活性以及血浆、肝脏和胸肌硒浓度均高于饲喂C - SBM日粮的肉鸡,但先前饲喂SS日粮的肉鸡在第19天的肝脏硒浓度除外。在第10天和13天,先前饲喂任何一种硒日粮的肉鸡pGPX3浓度无差异,但在第16、19和22天,先前饲喂SY日粮的肉鸡pGPX3浓度更高。在第10天和22天,先前饲喂含SS或SY日粮的肉鸡血浆硒浓度无差异,但在第13、16和19天,先前饲喂SY日粮的肉鸡血浆硒浓度更高。在每一天,先前饲喂SY日粮的肉鸡胸肌硒浓度均高于饲喂SS日粮的肉鸡。在第19天和22天,先前饲喂SS或SY日粮的肉鸡肝脏硒浓度无差异,但在第10、13和16天,先前饲喂SY日粮的肉鸡肝脏硒浓度更高。这些结果表明,在肉鸡日粮中添加SY比添加SS能使组织硒浓度更高,并且在饲喂低硒日粮后,先前饲喂含SY日粮的肉鸡pGPX3和组织硒浓度仍高于饲喂SS日粮的肉鸡。