Animal Science Research Group, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
Animal. 2013 Apr;7(4):562-70. doi: 10.1017/S175173111200211X. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of total selenium (Se) and the proportions of total Se comprised as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) in the postmortem tissues of female pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus Torquator) offered diets that contained graded additions of selenised-enriched yeast (SY) or a single comparative dose of sodium selenite (SS). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and tissue glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of breast (Pectoralis Major) were assessed at 0 and 5 days postmortem. A total of 216 female pheasant chicks were enrolled into the study. Twenty-four birds were euthanased at the start of the study, and samples of blood, breast muscle, leg muscle (M. Peroneus Longus and M. Gastrocnemius), heart, liver, kidney and gizzard were collected for determination of total Se. Remaining birds were blocked by live weight and randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n = 48 birds/treatment) that either differed in Se source (SY v. SS) or dose (control (0.17 mg total Se/kg), SY-L and SS-L (0.3 mg/kg total Se as SY and SS, respectively) and SY-H (0.45 mg total Se/kg)). Following 42 and 91 days of treatment, 24 birds per treatment were euthanased, and samples of blood, breast muscle, leg muscle, heart, liver, kidney and gizzard were retained for determination of total Se and the proportion of total Se comprised as SeMet or SeCys. Whole blood GSH-Px activity was determined at each time point. Tissue GSH-Px activity and TBARS were determined in breast tissue at the end of the study. There were increases in both blood and tissues to the graded addition of SY to the diet (P < 0.001), but the same responses were not apparent with the blood and tissues of selenite-supplemented birds receiving a comparable dose (SY-L v. SS-L). Although there were differences between tissue types in the distribution of SeMet and SeCys, there were few differences between treatments. There were effects of treatment on erythrocyte GSH-Px activity (P = 0.012) with values being higher in treatments SY-H and SS-L when compared with the negative control and treatment SY-L. There were no effects of treatment on tissue GSH-Px activity, which is reflected in the overall lack of any treatment effects on TBARS.
本研究旨在确定在喂食含有不同剂量硒化酵母（SY）或单一比较剂量亚硒酸钠（SS）的饮食后，雌雉（Phasianus Colchicus Torquator）死后组织中总硒（Se）的浓度以及总 Se 中硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet）和硒代半胱氨酸（SeCys）的比例。在死后 0 和 5 天，评估了胸肌（胸大肌）的硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）和组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性。共有 216 只雌雉雏鸡参与了这项研究。24 只鸡在研究开始时被安乐死，采集血液、胸肌、腿肌（腓肠肌和比目鱼肌）、心脏、肝脏、肾脏和肌胃，用于测定总硒。其余的鸡按体重分组，并随机分配到四个饮食处理组（每组 48 只鸡）之一，这些处理组在硒源（SY 与 SS）或剂量（对照组（0.17mg/kg 总 Se）、SY-L 和 SS-L（0.3mg/kg 总 Se，分别为 SY 和 SS）和 SY-H（0.45mg/kg 总 Se））上存在差异。在处理 42 和 91 天后，每组 24 只鸡被安乐死，采集血液、胸肌、腿肌、心脏、肝脏、肾脏和肌胃，用于测定总硒和总 Se 中硒代蛋氨酸或硒代半胱氨酸的比例。在每个时间点测定全血 GSH-Px 活性。在研究结束时，测定胸肌的组织 GSH-Px 活性和 TBARS。在饮食中逐渐添加 SY 会导致血液和组织中的含量增加（P<0.001），但在给予相同剂量亚硒酸钠的血液和组织中，并未观察到相同的反应（SY-L 与 SS-L）。尽管组织类型中硒代蛋氨酸和硒代半胱氨酸的分布存在差异，但处理之间差异不大。处理对红细胞 GSH-Px 活性有影响（P=0.012），与阴性对照组和 SY-L 处理相比，SY-H 和 SS-L 处理的红细胞 GSH-Px 活性较高。处理对组织 GSH-Px 活性没有影响，这反映在 TBARS 方面没有任何处理影响。
