Thompson Helen M, Wilkins Selwyn, Battersby Alastair H, Waite Ruth J, Wilkinson David
Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, UK.
Ecotoxicology. 2005 Oct;14(7):757-69. doi: 10.1007/s10646-005-0024-6. Epub 2005 Sep 28.
This study assessed the effects of exposure to IGRs on the long-term development of the honeybee colony, viability of queens and sperm production in drones and integrated the data into a honeybee population model. Colonies treated with diflubenzuron resulted in a short-term reduction in the numbers of adult bees and brood. Colonies treated with fenoxycarb declined during the season earlier and started the season slower. The number of queens that successfully mated and laid eggs was affected in the fenoxycarb treatment group but there were no significant differences in the drone sperm counts between the colonies. An existing honeybee population model was modified to include exposure to IGRs. In the model, fenoxycarb reduced the winter size of the colony, with the greatest effects following a June or an August application. Assuming a 'larvae per nurse bee' ratio of 1.5 for brood rearing capability, the reduction in winter size of a colony following a fenoxycarb application was at its worst about 8%. However, even if only those bees reared within 2 weeks of the IGR being applied are subject to premature ageing, this might significantly reduce the size of over-wintering colonies, and increase the chance of the bee population dwindling and dying in late winter or early spring.
本研究评估了接触昆虫生长调节剂（IGRs）对蜂群长期发展、蜂王生存能力以及雄蜂精子产生的影响，并将这些数据整合到一个蜜蜂种群模型中。用除虫脲处理的蜂群导致成年蜜蜂和幼虫数量短期减少。用苯氧威处理的蜂群在季节早期数量下降，且在季节开始时发展较慢。苯氧威处理组中成功交配并产卵的蜂王数量受到影响，但各蜂群间雄蜂精子数量无显著差异。对现有的蜜蜂种群模型进行了修改，以纳入接触昆虫生长调节剂的情况。在该模型中，苯氧威降低了蜂群的冬季规模，6月或8月施用时影响最大。假设育雏能力的“每只哺育蜂的幼虫数”比例为1.5，施用苯氧威后蜂群冬季规模的减少在最严重时约为8%。然而，即使仅那些在施用昆虫生长调节剂后2周内培育出的蜜蜂会过早衰老，这也可能显著减小越冬蜂群的规模，并增加蜜蜂种群在冬末或早春减少和死亡的几率。
