Fabriek Babs O, Dijkstra Christine D, van den Berg Timo K
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Immunobiology. 2005;210(2-4):153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2005.05.010.
Mature tissue macrophages form a first line of defense to recognize and eliminate potential pathogens; these specialized cells are capable of phagocytosis, degradation of self and foreign materials, establishment of cell-cell interactions, and the production of inflammatory mediators. Mature tissue macrophages express a variety of receptors, including the scavenger receptor cystein-rich (SRCR) superfamily members. CD163 is a member of the SRCR family class B and is expressed on most subpopulations of mature tissue macrophages. The best characterized function of CD163, which is essentially a homeostatic one, is related to the binding of Hemoglobin:Haptoglobin complexes. Furthermore, it has been suggested that CD163 positive macrophages or the soluble form of CD163 plays a role in the resolution of inflammation, as they are found in high numbers in inflamed tissue.
成熟组织巨噬细胞构成识别和清除潜在病原体的第一道防线；这些特化细胞能够进行吞噬作用、降解自身和外来物质、建立细胞间相互作用以及产生炎症介质。成熟组织巨噬细胞表达多种受体，包括富含半胱氨酸的清道夫受体（SRCR）超家族成员。CD163是SRCR家族B类成员，在成熟组织巨噬细胞的大多数亚群上表达。CD163最具特征的功能本质上是一种稳态功能，与血红蛋白：触珠蛋白复合物的结合有关。此外，有人提出CD163阳性巨噬细胞或CD163的可溶性形式在炎症消退中起作用，因为它们在炎症组织中大量存在。
