Horowitz B Zane
Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Crit Care Clin. 2005 Oct;21(4):825-39, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2005.06.008.
Botulinum toxin is regarded as the most lethal substance known. It is estimated that the human LD50 for inhalation botulism is 1 to 3 nanograms of toxin/kilogram body mass. Although only three cases of inhalational botulism have been described, an understanding of the pathophysiology of food-borne outbreaks, wound botulism, and infant botulism, and their therapies, enables the medical community to plan treatment in the event of an aerosol release of botulinum toxin. Antitoxin, vaccine, and F(ab')2 immune fragment therapies are discussed as adjuncts to supportive therapy.
肉毒杆菌毒素被认为是已知最具致命性的物质。据估计，吸入性肉毒中毒的人类半数致死剂量为每千克体重1至3纳克毒素。尽管仅描述了3例吸入性肉毒中毒病例，但了解食源性暴发、伤口肉毒中毒和婴儿肉毒中毒的病理生理学及其治疗方法，能使医学界在肉毒杆菌毒素气溶胶释放事件中规划治疗方案。文中讨论了抗毒素、疫苗和F(ab')2免疫片段疗法作为支持性治疗的辅助手段。
