Karagouni E, Athanassopoulou F, Lytra A, Komis C, Dotsika E
Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur Hellenique, 127 Vas. Sofias Ave., 115 21 Athens, Greece.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Dec 10;134(3-4):215-28. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.07.020. Epub 2005 Oct 5.
The potential antiparasitic and immunomodulatory effect of three treatments against myxosporean parasites on the innate immune system of sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo) was investigated. Fish naturally infected with Myxobolus sp. (Bivalvulida/Platysporina), a histozoic parasite mainly affecting the renal interstitial tissue, were treated by oral administration of a combination of salinomycin with amprolium, Origanum essential oil or fumagillin in a small-scale field trial. Various leucocyte functions influenced by myxosporean infection were examined in order to determine treatment effects on leucocyte immunocompetence of treated fish. One month post treatment all drugs caused a significant decrease in prevalence and intensity of infection in comparison to untreated, infected fish. The effect was most prominent in salinomycin with amprolium treated fish, which 1-month post treatment contained either no cysts at all or a few spores free in melanomacrophage centres revealing almost total elimination of the parasite and the antiparasitic action of the treatment. There was no histopathological evidence of drug toxicity. Antiparasitic action was accompanied by a significant enhancement of phagocytic activity demonstrated by ingestion of large numbers of latex beads and the secretion of high levels of reactive nitrogen intermediates by phagocytes in vitro. Complete restoration of the diminished mitogenic responses and serum lysozyme secretion was also detected in salinomycin with amprolium-treated fish compared to untreated, infected fish. These data suggest that salilomycin with amprolium may be a promising treatment for myxosporean infections in intensively cultured warm-water fish, exhibiting action partially via the enhancement of host, innate immune functions and leading to parasite elimination.
研究了三种抗粘孢子虫寄生虫的处理方法对尖吻鲈（Diplodus puntazzo）先天免疫系统的潜在抗寄生虫和免疫调节作用。自然感染粘孢子虫属（双壳目/板孢子虫亚目）的鱼类，一种主要影响肾间质组织的组织内寄生虫，在小规模田间试验中通过口服盐霉素与氨丙啉、牛至精油或烟曲霉素的组合进行处理。检查了受粘孢子虫感染影响的各种白细胞功能，以确定处理对处理后鱼类白细胞免疫能力的影响。处理后一个月，与未处理的感染鱼相比，所有药物均导致感染率和感染强度显著降低。这种效果在盐霉素与氨丙啉处理的鱼中最为显著，处理后1个月，这些鱼要么根本没有囊肿，要么在黑色素巨噬细胞中心有一些游离孢子，显示寄生虫几乎完全消除以及处理的抗寄生虫作用。没有药物毒性的组织病理学证据。抗寄生虫作用伴随着吞噬活性的显著增强，这表现为体外吞噬大量乳胶珠以及吞噬细胞分泌高水平的活性氮中间体。与未处理的感染鱼相比，在盐霉素与氨丙啉处理的鱼中还检测到有丝分裂反应减弱和血清溶菌酶分泌的完全恢复。这些数据表明，盐霉素与氨丙啉可能是集约化养殖温水鱼粘孢子虫感染的一种有前景的治疗方法，其作用部分是通过增强宿主先天免疫功能并导致寄生虫消除。
